Table 1.
Process | Processing substep | Location on pre-mRNA | Minimal distance from processing site (nt)* |
Experimental system |
Organism | Refs |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
5′ end capping | NA | 5′ end | ~20 | In vivo | Budding yeast | 53, 127 |
RNA editing | NA | Gene specific | <60 | In vivo | Mammals | 109 |
Splicing | Step I | BPS | <40 | In vitro | Budding yeast | 37 |
Step II | 3′SS | <40 | In vivo | Budding yeast | 4 | |
mRNA release | Splice junction | ~20 | In vitro | Budding yeast | 45 | |
3′ end cleavage | NA | PAS | <200 | In vivo | Budding yeast | 186, 187 |
BPS, branchpoint sequence; NA, not applicable; nt, nucleotides; PAS, poly(A) site; SS, splice site.
Distances along the pre-mRNA required to start RNA processing. In vivo distance values reflect the amount of transcribed RNA required for the listed processing event; in vitro distance values refer to minimal RNA lengths required by ATPases to trigger these reactions.