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. 2018 Apr 30;8:6780. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-24671-x

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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(a) SEM images of AFM tip interaction with 2% PDMS highlighting the adhesion between PDMS and Silicon Nitride AFM Tip snapping into and coming out of contact as indicated by the arrow. Scale bar is 100 um and (b) Nanoindentation by AFM retraction (lift) curves for PDMS samples tested wet in ethanol solution. All AFM experiments were conducted with an indentation depth of between 500 and 1000 nm and each curve was done over 1 s, each sample was tested in three different locations and 3 samples tested per formulation giving 900 data points per formulation (c) the average adhesion strength and peak adhesive force obtained by wet AFM.