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. 2018 Apr 24;12:14. doi: 10.3389/fnbot.2018.00014

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Copyright © 2018 Hofree, Ruvolo, Reinert, Bartlett and Winkielman.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Participants smiled when they won, regardless whether Einstein smiled (congruent) or frowned (incongruent). Participants frowned when they lost, regardless whether Einstein frowned (congruent) or smiled (smiled). Top panels presents z-scored EMG activity in the zygomaticus muscle, and bottom panels presents z-scored EMG activity in the corrugator muscle. Left panels present data during the cooperative condition, and the right panels present data during the competitive condition. Error bars represent standard errors of the subject means.