Fig. 5.

Simulation of the events taking place inside a melanoma tumor treated with concomitant GET of TNFα and IL-12: the TNFα expressed from the transfected cells causes immunogenic form of cell death, accompanied by the release of tumor associated antigens (TAA) together with danger signals (DAMP). Released TAA are then captured by dendritic cells (DC) that are attracted to the tumor site, also by the IL-12 released from the transfected cells. DC migrate to the lymph structures where they initiate expansion of effector immune cells specific for the captured TAA. Activated tumor specific lymphocytes are released to the blood stream and can infiltrate primary tumor and metastases, where they exert their antitumor effects