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. 2018 Apr 24;9:799. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.00799

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Copyright © 2018 Windham, Williams, Mylroie, Reid and Womack.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Thin tissue sections (A–E) and whole kernels (F) of aflatoxin susceptible and resistant maize hybrids colonized by Aspergillus flavus. (A) A. flavus colonized endosperm (En) and scutellum (Sc) of the susceptible hybrid 10 days after infection (DAI); starch granules in the endosperm have disappeared and are replaced by mycelium. (B) A. flavus hyphae massed at the endosperm (En)-scutellum (Sc) interface in the resistant hybrid 10 DAI; notice the outer, organized layer of cells in the scutellum. (C) A. flavus penetration of scutellum (Sc) cells in the resistant hybrid 10 DAI. (D) A. flavus hyphal mat found between the pericarp (Pc) and the aleurone layer adjacent to the scutellum (Sc) 12 DAI in the susceptible hybrid. (E) A. flavus invasion of germ (Gm) tissue of the susceptible hybrid 12 DAI. (F) Typical A. flavus growth and sporulation on needle-inoculated kernels. Scale bars: (C) 25 μm; (B) 50 μm; (D) 75 μm; (A,E) 100 μm.