TABLE 1.

Biphasic porcine TMJ disc properties (mean±standard deviation) obtained from the confined compression experiments and used in the FE modelling. The Poisson’s ratio (ν) for the TMJ disc was assumed to be 0.125^21,24

Location of specimen	HA (MPa)	E (MPa)	k (10−3 mm4/Ns)	(ϕw) (%)
Average data	0.077±0.040	0.074	0.88±0.37	65.34±7.26
Anterior	0.061±0.034		0.87±0.34	63.29±8.50
Intermediate	0.079±0.037		0.84±0.38	63.37±9.51
Lateral	0.073±0.034		1.05±0.34	65.46±7.02
Medial	0.097±0.046		0.67±0.38	68.78±5.76
Posterior	0.071±0.041		0.96±0.38	65.80±6.40

where H_A is the aggregate modulus, E is elastic modulus which was calculated based on the aggregate modulus and Poisson’s ratio as shown in the equation (2), k is hydraulic permeability and (ϕ^w) is porosity.

$$E=H_A\times (1+\nu )\times (1-2\nu )/(1-\nu )$$ (2)