Table 2.

Association of infertility with schistosomiasis prevalence at residence

	2000 Survey	2010 Survey
Total infertility	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)
S. h high (ref = absent)	1.53 (1.27, 1.85)*	1.24 (1.06, 1.47)*
S. h moderate	1.14 (0.99, 1.32)	1.31 (1.15, 1.49)*
S. m high	1.09 (0.89, 1.33)	0.86 (0.73, 1.02)
S. m moderate	1.01 (0.87, 1.17)	1.02 (0.90, 1.16)
S. h high (ref = S. m high)	1.43 (1.08, 1.90)*	1.44 (1.14, 1.81)*
Primary infertility
S. h high (ref = absent)	1.78 (1.61, 2.37)*	1.53 (1.05, 2.25)*
S. h moderate	1.47 (1.08, 2.00)*	1.34 (0.99, 1.81)
S. m high	1.12 (0.73, 1.73)	0.54 (0.35, 0.84)*
S. m moderate	1.25 (0.92, 1.70)	1.31 (0.98, 1.75)
S. h high (ref = S. m high)	1.44 (0.82, 2.53)	2.83 (1.60, 5.00)*

^*= significant; CI = confidence interval; OR = odds ratio; ref = reference; S. h = Schistosoma haematobium; S. m = Schistosoma mansoni; high = > 25%; moderate = 5–25%; absent = < 5%. Women aged 15–49 years, married or in union for at least 5 years, not using a contraceptive. Source: Demographic and Health Surveys, Ethiopia, Tanzania, and Uganda (2000 survey round); Ethiopia, Tanzania, and Uganda (2010 survey round).