TABLE 1.

Distribution of the Sample According to Immigration and Time Spent in the United States 2006 Boston Youth Survey

	Immigration (Sample size)
	U.S.-born/≥1 U.S.-born parent (424) %	U.S.-born/ foreign-born parents (279) %	Foreign-born >4 year in the United States (73) %	Foreign-born ≤4 year in the United States (186) %	χ2 (p)
Age, year
≤14	7.1	8.2	2.7	4.3	18.8 (.09)
15	21.3	26.5	24.7	19.9
16	30.3	25.1	27.4	25.8
17	27.0	25.8	23.3	26.3
≥18	14.2	14.3	23.7	23.7
Gender
Male	45.4	37.5	39.7	40.3	4.6 (.20)
Female	54.7	62.6	60.3	59.7
Grade
9	29.2	30.1	22.2	24.0	10.7 (.30)
10	24.4	24.3	33.3	27.9
11	32.8	29.4	27.8	27.3
12	13.6	16.3	16.7	20.8
Race/ethnicity
Hispanic	19.4	44.0	26.0	38.2	144.6 (<.01)
Non-Hispanic/Black/African American	48.2	39.9	52.1	41.9
Non-Hispanic/othera	5.6	13.6	17.8	13.4
Non-Hispanic/White	26.9	2.6	4.1	6.5
Household composition
No parents living with youth	10.3	7.7	25.8	12.6	27.8 (<.01)
One parent living with youth	49.3	42.0	42.4	42.9
Two parents living with youth	40.4	50.4	31.8	44.5
Work status
Don’t have a job	60.5	67.0	78.6	58.5	14.1 (.12)
<10 hr/week	10.9	11.7	7.1	11.5
Between 10 and 20 hr/week	16.7	12.5	10.0	17.5
≥20 hr/week	11.9	8.8	4.3	12.6

^aIncludes biracial and multiracial students, Asians, Native Americans, and students who were neither Hispanic/Latino nor were unable to classify themselves into a race category.