TABLE 3.
Crude Associations of Immigration, Depressive Mood, Substance Use, and Violence with 12-month Deliberate Self-Injury and Suicidal Ideation in the 2006 Boston Youth Survey
| Deliberate self-injury
|
Suicidal ideation
|
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yes (%) | ORa | 95% CI | Yes (%) | ORa | 95% CI | |
| Nativity/time in United States | ||||||
| U.S.-born/≥1 U.S.-born parent | 7.7 | 1 | 8.9 | 1 | ||
| U.S.-born/foreign-born parents | 6.4 | 0.9 | 0.5–1.6 | 9.6 | 1.2 | 0.7–2.0 |
| Foreign-born/>4 yrs in the United States | 6.8 | 0.8 | 0.3–2.3 | 2.7 | 0.4 | 0.1–1.6 |
| Foreign-born/≤4 yrs in the United States | 9.5 | 1.3 | 0.7–2.4 | 9.6 | 1.1 | 0.6–2.1 |
| Immigration and ethnicity identification | ||||||
| Non-Hispanic/U.S.-born | 7.5 | 1 | 8.8 | 1 | ||
| Non-Hispanic/foreign-born | 7.5 | 1.0 | 0.5–2.0 | 5.9 | 0.7 | 0.4–1.5 |
| Hispanic/U.S.-born | 6.3 | 0.9 | 0.5–1.8 | 9.7 | 1.3 | 0.7–2.3 |
| Hispanic/foreign-born | 11.5 | 1.6 | 0.8–3.5 | 10.4 | 1.2 | 0.6–2.7 |
| Nativity and language | ||||||
| U.S.-born/English at home | 6.9 | 1 | 9.3 | 1 | ||
| U.S.-born/no English at home | 5.3 | 0.8 | 0.4–1.8 | 7.7 | 0.9 | 0.5–1.8 |
| Foreign-born/English at home | 9.5 | 1.4 | 0.6–3.1 | 10.6 | 1.3 | 0.6–2.8 |
| Foreign-born/no English at home | 8.3 | 1.3 | 0.7–2.4 | 6.1 | 0.6 | 0.3–1.3 |
| Nativity and discrimination | ||||||
| U.S-born/no discrimination | 5.9 | 1 | 8.0 | 1 | ||
| Foreign-born/no discrimination | 9.5 | 1.8 | 0.9–3.4 | 6.6 | 0.8 | 0.4–1.7 |
| U.S. born/discrimination | 14.5 | 3.1 | 1.6–5.9 | 15.4 | 2.1 | 1.2–3.8 |
| Foreign-born/discrimination | 8.5 | 1.5 | 0.7–3.4 | 9.4 | 1.2 | 0.6–2.6 |
| Depressive mood (yes) | 13.8 | 4.0 | 2.4–6.7 | 15.0 | 4.1 | 2.5–6.9 |
| Used any substance (including alcohol) | 13.0 | 3.2 | 1.9–5.2 | 11.9 | 1.8 | 1.1–2.8 |
| Reported any violence (punch/attack/gun) | 15.0 | 3.3 | 2.0–5.4 | 16.0 | 2.8 | 1.7–4.5 |
a
Odds ratio (OR) from conditional logistic regression.