Table 2.
Characteristics of VL–HIV co-infected patients diagnosed at the University of Gondar Leishmania center, northwest Ethiopia, 2010–2015 (N = 112)
| Variable | VL after HIV diagnosis (N = 63) median (IQR) or N (%) | Concurrent VL/HIV diagnosis (N = 49) median (IQR) or N (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Time from HIV to VL diagnosis (months); N = 37 | 10 (4–19) | NA |
| CD4 count at HIV diagnosis; cells/µL | 110 (48–177) | 84 (41–133) |
| Missing | 32 | 10 |
| CD4 count at VL diagnosis; cells/µL | 45 (30–95) | 56 (32–102) |
| Missing | 6 | 2 |
| Tuberculosis at HIV diagnosis | 3 (5%) | 3 (3%) |
| ART initiation | ||
| Never | 8 (13%) | 19 (39%) |
| Before VL | 48 (76%) | NA |
| Time between VL and ART (months) | 10 (5–24) | NA |
| CD4 count at HIV diagnosis; cells/µL; N = 23 | 100 (44–208) | NA |
| CD4 count at ART initiation; cells/µL; N = 31 | 45 (33–115) | NA |
| CD4 count at VL diagnosis; cells/µL; N = 42 | 44 (21–90) | NA |
| After VL* | 7 (11%) | 30 (60%) |
| Time between first VL and ART (days); | 84 (7–153) | 31 (19–80) |
| CD4 count at ART initiation; cells/µL | 111 (64–115) | 90 (49–125) |
| Missing | 2 | 1 |
| Outcome of first VL episode | ||
| Improved and discharged | 44 (70%) | 37 (75%) |
| Died | 10 (16%) | 10 (20%) |
| Failed | 4 (6%) | 1 (1%) |
| Referred | 1 (%) | 0 (0%) |
| Absconded | 3 (0%) | 1 (2%) |
| Unknown | 1 (%) | 0 (0%) |
| Relapse after first episode | 12 (19%) | 9 (18%) |
ART = antiretroviral treatment; IQR = interquartile range; VL = visceral leishmaniasis.