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DHT: dihydrotestosterone; GDF-9: growth differentiation factor-9; IL-4: interleukin-4; HIF-1α: hypoxia inducible factor 1α; TGF-β: transforming growth factor-β; AGE-DTF: advanced glycation end products-dependent transcription factor; PCP: procollagen enzyme C; ROS: reactive oxygen specie; PGE2: prostaglandin E2; FSH: follicle-stimulating hormone; +: stimulation; –: inhibition.
