Table 2. Associations between alcohol, tobacco and cannabis use and daily job exposure to the public, taking no daily exposure as reference category, in 16,566 men and 17,426 women.
MEN | Age-adjusted | Adjusted for all sociodemographic variables | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
OR | 95%CI | p value | OR | 95%CI | p value | |||
Chronic alcohol consumptiona | ||||||||
Low | 1.08 | 1.00 | 1.16 | 0.039 | 1.15 | 1.06 | 1.23 | <0.001 |
Moderate | 1.61 | 1.35 | 1.92 | <0.001 | 1.71 | 1.43 | 2.05 | <0.001 |
High or very high | 1.46 | 1.13 | 1.88 | 0.004 | 1.55 | 1.19 | 2.01 | 0.001 |
Heavy episodic drinkingb | ||||||||
At most once a month | 1.14 | 1.07 | 1.22 | <0.001 | 1.16 | 1.08 | 1.25 | <0.001 |
More than once a month | 1.30 | 1.15 | 1.46 | <0.001 | 1.33 | 1.18 | 1.51 | <0.001 |
Alcohol use riskc | ||||||||
Dangerous | 1.20 | 1.10 | 1.31 | <0.001 | 1.22 | 1.12 | 1.33 | <0.001 |
Problematic or Dependence | 1.22 | 1.00 | 1.48 | 0.049 | 1.24 | 1.02 | 1.52 | 0.035 |
Smoking statusd | ||||||||
Former smoker | 1.23 | 1.15 | 1.32 | <0.001 | 1.17 | 1.09 | 1.26 | <0.001 |
Light smoker | 1.26 | 1.11 | 1.43 | <0.001 | 1.19 | 1.05 | 1.36 | 0.008 |
Moderate smoker | 1.38 | 1.22 | 1.57 | <0.001 | 1.26 | 1.11 | 1.44 | <0.001 |
Heavy smoker | 1.48 | 1.24 | 1.77 | <0.001 | 1.47 | 1.22 | 1.78 | <0.001 |
Cannabis consumptione | ||||||||
Consumption more than 12 months ago | 1.10 | 1.03 | 1.18 | 0.006 | 1.08 | 1.01 | 1.16 | 0.031 |
Less than once a month | 1.29 | 1.10 | 1.51 | 0.002 | 1.38 | 1.17 | 1.63 | <0.001 |
Once a month or more | 1.32 | 1.14 | 1.52 | <0.001 | 1.25 | 1.08 | 1.45 | 0.003 |
WOMEN | ||||||||
Chronic alcohol consumptiona | ||||||||
Low | 0.92 | 0.86 | 0.99 | 0.029 | 1.04 | 0.96 | 1.12 | 0.310 |
Moderate | 0.86 | 0.74 | 0.99 | 0.043 | 1.03 | 0.88 | 1.20 | 0.734 |
High or very high | 0.80 | 0.58 | 1.12 | 0.187 | 0.96 | 0.68 | 1.36 | 0.810 |
Heavy episodic drinkingb | ||||||||
At most once a month | 0.89 | 0.82 | 0.96 | 0.003 | 0.96 | 0.89 | 1.05 | 0.363 |
More than once a month | 0.77 | 0.62 | 0.94 | 0.011 | 0.84 | 0.67 | 1.04 | 0.104 |
Alcohol use riskc | ||||||||
Dangerous | 0.88 | 0.77 | 1.01 | 0.075 | 1.01 | 0.87 | 1.17 | 0.919 |
Problematic or Dependence | 0.84 | 0.57 | 1.23 | 0.369 | 1.01 | 0.67 | 1.52 | 0.964 |
Smoking statusd | ||||||||
Former smoker | 1.05 | 0.97 | 1.13 | 0.251 | 1.03 | 0.95 | 1.12 | 0.442 |
Light smoker | 1.25 | 1.09 | 1.42 | 0.001 | 1.20 | 1.04 | 1.37 | 0.010 |
Moderate smoker | 1.30 | 1.13 | 1.50 | <0.001 | 1.25 | 1.07 | 1.45 | 0.005 |
Heavy smoker | 1.53 | 1.12 | 2.09 | 0.007 | 1.63 | 1.18 | 2.25 | 0.003 |
Cannabis consumptione | ||||||||
Consumption more than 12 months ago | 1.07 | 0.99 | 1.16 | 0.063 | 1.10 | 1.02 | 1.19 | 0.019 |
Less than once a month | 1.12 | 0.91 | 1.38 | 0.284 | 1.31 | 1.05 | 1.63 | 0.017 |
Once a month or more | 0.83 | 0.67 | 1.03 | 0.092 | 0.87 | 0.69 | 1.09 | 0.229 |
OR: Odd ratio; 95%CI: Confidence interval at 95%; %;
a Reference category is non-regular consumption, i.e. consumption of less than one standard drink per week. Regarding regular consumers, the following cut-offs in men(women):<28drinks per week(14); <43(29); <71(43) and ≥71(43) define low, medium, high or very high risk alcohol consumption categories, respectively;
b Defined as at least six standard alcoholic beverages on the same occasion and taking the "never" category as reference;
c Categories are defined from Alcohol Use Disorders Identification scores as follows: Mild (0–7), Dangerous (8–15), Problematic (16–19) and Dependence (20–40), with Mild category as reference;
d Categories of current smokers are defined as follows: Light (1 to 9 cigarettes per day), Moderate (10 to 19) and Heavy (>19) consumers, with non-smokers as reference category;
e Reference category is never use. Age at baseline was used as continuous covariable. Other sociodemographic variables include occupational status and marital status as fixed factors and household income and education level as continuous covariables. Significant associations are presented in bold (i.e. p<0.05).