Table 1.

Demographic Characteristics and Diagnoses (%)

Characteristic	Died n= 465	Did not die n=2,111	TOTAL n=2,576
Sociodemographics
Female (%)***	31.6	41.7	39.9
Ethnicity/race (%)***
White	75.1	79.2	78.4
Black	11.2	6.8	7.6
Hispanic	2.8	2.9	2.9
Asian	1.1	2.1	1.9
Other/unknown	9.9	9.1	9.2
Age at first OUD diagnosis, Mean (SD)***	48.4 (11.0)	39.8 (13.3)	41.4 (13.3)
Financial sources (%)***
Medicare	4.7	14.3	12.5
MediCal	4.3	11.3	10.1
Commercial health plans	3.9	20.1	17.2
Self-pay/other	87.1	51.3	57.7
Physical health and disease (%)
Heart disease***	74.6	48.6	53.3
Respiratory disease***	66.7	45.9	49.7
Sleep disorder**	12.3	17.5	16.5
Liver disease***	45.6	14.3	20.0
Cancer***	28.4	10.9	14.1
Diabetes***	22.6	11.0	13.1
Sexually Transmitted Disease	0.4	1.2	1.1
HIV	2.4	2.3	2.3
HCV***	47.5	16.6	22.2
Chronic pain	51.4	53.4	53.1
Other substance use disorders (%)
Tobacco use disorder*	23.9	18.7	19.6
Alcohol use disorder***	39.8	22.6	25.7
Cannabis use disorder***	16.3	9.6	10.8
Amphetamine use disorder	9.7	11.5	11.2
Cocaine use disorder**	17.4	12.3	13.2
Hallucinogen use disorder*	4.3	2.5	2.8
Mental disorders (%)*	60.7	66.3	65.3
Psychotic disorder	11.8	9.9	10.2
Bipolar disorder	9.7	12.9	12.3
Depression disorder*	40.0	45.7	44.7
Anxiety disorder***	24.3	34.1	32.3
Other mental disorder	30.1	34.7	33.9

^*p<.05,

^**p<.01,

^***p<.001