Total Tablets		Total Morphine Equivalents
	Median (Range)	p Value	Median (Range)	p Value
	Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy N = 208 cases
Rank
Surgical Resident	20 (7–120)	<0.001	200 (54–600)	<0.001
Attending Surgeon	30 (10–72)		138 (45–300)
Advanced Practice Provider	60 (2–100)		150 (100–500)
Resident Level
Intern (PGY1)	20 (10–120)	0.01	200 (54–600)	0.01
Junior Resident (PGY2–3)	20 (10–120)		200 (90–600)
Senior Resident (PGY3–6)	24 (7–60)		200 (70–600)
Surgical Resident Subspecialty
General Surgery	24 (7–120)	<0.001	200 (45–600)	0.80
Other	20 (20–60)		200 (100–300)
	Laparoscopic Appendectomy N = 103 cases
Rank
Surgical Resident	30 (6–168)	0.03	200 (54–600)	<0.001
Attending Surgeon	30 (6–60)		135 (30–600)
Advanced Practice Provider	30 (5–60)		150 (25–600)
Resident Level
Intern (PGY1)	20 (12–168)	0.06	200 (54–378)	<0.001
Junior Resident (PGY2–3)	48 (6–120)		270 (60–600)
Senior Resident (PGY3–6)	45 (30–60)		175 (135–250)
Surgical Resident Subspecialty
General Surgery	30 (6–120)	0.54	135 (30–600)	0.30
Other	35 (10–168)		170 (54–600)
	Open Umbilical Hernia Repair N = 140 cases
Rank
Surgical Resident	20 (7–180)	0.11	200 (50–900)	<0.001
Attending Surgeon	48 (12–72)		120 (60–300)
Advanced Practice Provider	30 (20–60)		300 (150–300)
Resident Level
Intern (PGY1)	20 (10–180)	0.21	200 (50–900)	0.01
Junior Resident (PGY2–3)	20 (10–120)		200 (50–600)
Senior Resident (PGY3–6)	30 (7–60)		200 (70–600)
Surgical Resident Subspecialty
General Surgery	24 (7–120)	0.32	200 (50–600)	0.06
Other	20 (10–180)		200 (50–900)
	Simple Mastectomy N = 76 cases
Rank
Surgical Resident	30 (10–189)	0.34	280 (50–60)	0.65
Attending Surgeon	30 (20–60)		210 (120–400)
Advanced Practice Provider	30 (30–60)		300 (150–400)
Resident Level
Intern (PGY1)	30 (20–189)	0.11	280 (100–600)	0.39
Junior Resident (PGY2–3)	20 (10–60)		200 (60–400)
Senior Resident (PGY3–6)	30 (30–30)		300 (300–300)
Surgical Resident Subspecialty
General Surgery	30 (14–189)	0.15	225 (100–600)	0.60
Other	25 (10–30)		200 (50–600)
	Thyroidectomy N = 88 cases
Rank
Surgical Resident	20 (6–60)	<0.001	145 (30–1600)	<0.001
Attending Surgeon	N/A		N/A
Advanced Practice Provider	30 (20–90)		300 (120–1000)
Resident Level
Intern (PGY1)	20 (6–60)	<0.001	100 (30–1600)	<0.001
Junior Resident (PGY2–3)	20 (6–60)		120 (30–600)
Senior Resident (PGY3–6)	28 (20–60)		240 (100–300)
Surgical Resident Subspecialty
General Surgery	24 (20–60)	<0.001	120 (100–600)	<0.001
Other	20 (6–60)		150 (30–1600)