Table 2.
Means, standard deviations, and correlations among study variables.
| Variables | M | SD | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Level 1 | ||||||||||
| (1) Gender | 0.47 | — | ||||||||
| (2) Age | 29.37 | 5.91 | 0.04 | |||||||
| (3) Education level | 2.91 | 0.48 | 0.05 | -0.09 | ||||||
| (4) Tenure | 4.72 | 4.71 | 0.04 | 0.71∗∗∗ | -0.13∗ | |||||
| (5) Social exchange | 3.58 | 0.72 | -0.03 | -0.07 | 0.10∗ | -0.13∗ | ||||
| (6) Employee experienced HPWS | 3.77 | 0.77 | -0.03 | -0.06 | -0.03 | -0.18∗∗∗ | 0.62∗∗∗ | |||
| (7) OBSE | 3.41 | 0.69 | -0.03 | -0.06 | 0.05 | -0.05 | 0.54∗∗∗ | 0.48∗∗∗ | ||
| (8) Job performance | 5.56 | 1.08 | 0.04 | 0.13∗∗ | 0.02 | 0.15∗∗ | 0.21∗∗∗ | 0.29∗∗∗ | 0.22∗∗∗ | |
| (9) Job satisfaction | 3.96 | 0.89 | 0.03 | 0.06 | -0.04 | -0.04 | 0.63∗∗∗ | 0.61∗∗∗ | 0.44∗∗∗ | 0.25∗∗∗ |
| Level 2 | ||||||||||
| (1) Goal congruence | 4.09 | 0.84 | ||||||||
| Level 3 | ||||||||||
| (1) Firm size | 1.43 | 0.60 | ||||||||
| (2) Firm age | 16.53 | 17.13 | 0.05 | |||||||
| (3) Organizational-level HPWS | 4.25 | 0.47 | -0.25 | -0.18 |
N = 397 at Level 1, N = 84 at Level 2, N = 21 at Level 3. Gender: 0 = male, 1 = female. Education level: 1 = junior high school and below, 2 = senior high school, 3 = college or undergraduate, 4 = postgraduate and over. Firm size: 1 = less than 500, 2 = between 500 and 2000, 3 = more than 2000. ∗p < 0.05. ∗∗p < 0.01. ∗∗∗p < 0.001.