Table 3.
Comparison of Clinical Characteristics Among Participants With Malaria or Dengue Diagnosis and Propensity Score–Matched Participants Without Dengue or Malaria Diagnosis
| Clinical Characteristic | All Patients
(N = 292) |
Positive Dengue or Malaria Test (n = 146) | No Positive Dengue or Malaria Test (n = 146) | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male sex | 193 (66) | 99 (68) | 94 (64) | .62 |
| Age, y | ||||
| <5 | 21 (7) | 11 (8) | 10 (7) | .59 |
| 5–11 | 44 (15) | 18 (12) | 26 (18) | .58 |
| 12–23 | 98 (34) | 45 (31) | 53 (36) | Ref |
| 24–59 | 117 (40) | 65 (45) | 52 (36) | .16 |
| ≥60 | 12 (4) | 7 (5) | 5 (3) | .42 |
| Low income | 78 (27) | 36 (25) | 42 (29) | .51 |
| Hospitalized within the past 3 months | 25 (9) | 12 (8) | 13 (9) | 1 |
| Received antibiotics in the past week | 67 (23) | 34 (23) | 33 (23) | 1 |
| HIV | 7 (2) | 4 (3) | 3 (2) | 1 |
| Symptoms | ||||
| Altered mental status | 34 (12) | 15 (10) | 19 (13) | .58 |
| Rigors | 252 (86) | 132 (90) | 120 (82) | .06 |
| Cough | 68 (23) | 37 (25) | 31 (21) | .49 |
| Diarrhea | 34 (12) | 17 (12) | 17 (12) | 1 |
| Headache | 123 (42) | 65 (45) | 58 (40) | .48 |
| White blood cell count, median (IQR) | 5.6 (3.7–9.1) | 5.5 (3.9–8.6) | 6 (3.6–9.9) | .36 |
| Platelets, median (IQR) | 90 (36–155) | 85.5 (36.2–149.8) | 90 (35.5–159.2) | .72 |
| Admitted to ICU | 24 (8) | 11 (8) | 13 (9) | .83 |
| Admission suspicion of mosquito-borne disease | 121 (41) | 66 (45) | 55 (38) | .23 |
Data are presented as No. (%) of patients unless otherwise indicated. P values were calculated using Fisher exact tests, with the exception of age, which was assessed as a categorical variable with logistic regression.
Abbreviations: HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; ICU, intensive care unit; IQR, interquartile range.