Table 2.
Primary outcome measures (global rating of change and reported pain) and study group comparisons
| No of weeks after start of intervention | Primary outcome measure | EDX v WS | CSI v WS | EDX v CSI | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EDX | CSI | WS | Between group difference (95% CI; P) | Number needed to treat (95% CI) | Between group difference (95% CI; P) | Number needed to treat (95% CI) | Between group difference (95% CI; P) | Number needed to treat (95% CI) | |||||||
| Global rating of change scale (No (%) of participants reporting improvements in hip condition (success)/total No of participants; risk difference measured between groups) | |||||||||||||||
| 4 | 37/64 (58) | 38/66 (58) | 13/66 (20) | 38.8 (23.7 to 54.0; <0.001) | 2.6 (1.9 to 4.2) | 38.0 (22.9 to 53.0; <0.001) | 2.6 (1.9 to 4.4) | 0.9 (−15.9 to 17.6; 0.92) | 115.5 (5.7 to-6.3) | ||||||
| 8 | 51/66 (77) | 38/65 (58) | 20/68 (29) | 49.1 (34.6 to 63.5; <0.001)* | 2.0 (1.6 to 2.9)* | 29.2 (13.2 to 45.2; <0.001)* | 3.4 (2.2 to 7.6)* | 19.9 (4.7 to 35.0; 0.010) | 5.0 (2.9 to 21.1) | ||||||
| 12 | 43/58 (74) | 39/65 (60) | 21/64 (33) | 39.9 (24.2 to 55.7; <0.001) | 2.5 (1.8 to 4.1) | 26.0 (9.7 to 42.3; 0.002) | 3.8 (2.4 to 10.3) | 13.9 (−2.4 to 30.3; 0.094) | 7.2 (3.3 to −41.9) | ||||||
| 26 | 45/61 (74) | 34/64 (53) | 23/61 (38) | 37.0 (20.9 to 53.1; <0.001) | 2.7 (1.9 to 4.8) | 15.4 (−1.4 to 32.3; 0.073) | 6.5 (−70.9 to 3.1) | 21.6 (5.5 to 37.7; 0.008) | 4.6 (2.7 to 18.1) | ||||||
| 52 | 51/65 (78) | 36/63 (57) | 31/60 (52) | 26.8 (11.3 to 42.3; <0.001) | 3.7 (2.4 to 8.8) | 6.4 (−10.7 to 23.6; 0.46) | 15.6 (−9.3 to 4.2) | 20.4 (4.9 to 35.9; 0.010)* | 4.9 (2.8 to 20.6)* | ||||||
| Reported pain over past week (mean (standard deviation) score on pain numerical rating scale (0-10); adjusted mean difference measured between groups) | |||||||||||||||
| 4 | 2.7 (1.6) | 2.4 (2.0) | 4.1 (1.9) | −1.4 (−2.02 to −0.73; <0.001) | — | −1.8 (−2.43 to −1.17; <0.001) | — | 0.4 (−0.21 to 1.07; 0.19) | — | ||||||
| 8 | 1.5 (1.5) | 2.7 (2.4) | 3.8 (2.0) | −2.2 (−2.89 to −1.54; <0.001)* | — | −1.2 (−1.85 to −0.50; <0.001)* | — | −1.0 (−1.72 to −0.37; 0.003) | — | ||||||
| 12 | 1.7 (1.7) | 2.5 (2.1) | 3.6 (2.2) | −1.7 (−2.41 to −0.95; <0.001) | — | −1.1 (−1.82 to −0.40; 0.002) | — | −0.6 (−1.32 to 0.17; 0.13) | — | ||||||
| 26 | 1.8 (1.9) | 2.6 (2.2) | 3.1 (2.4) | −1.2 (−2.00 to −0.37; 0.005) | — | −0.6 (−1.38 to 0.26; 0.18) | — | −0.6 (−1.41 to 0.16; 0.12) | — | ||||||
| 52 | 2.1 (2.2) | 2.3 (1.9) | 3.2 (2.6) | −1.1 (−1.93 to −0.33; 0.006) | — | −0.9 (−1.68 to −0.07; 0.034) | — | −0.3 (−1.06 to 0.55; 0.53)* | — | ||||||
Success=when participants have reported “moderately better” to “very much better” on the global rating of change scale; EDX=education plus exercise group; CSI=corticosteroid injection use; WS=wait and see approach.
*
Pairwise comparisons addressing prespecified hypotheses.