Table 1.
Amalgamated national (Nigeria) AAT prevalence 1960–2017
| Attribute | No. of studies examined/total samples examined | Prevalence (95% CI) (%) | Measure of heterogeneity (Cochran’s Q) | % Variation; I2 (95% CI) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| National | 74 (53,924) | 16.1 (12.3–20.3) | 11830.19 | 99.4 (99.3–99.4) | P < 0.0001 |
| Northern region | 54 (32,134) | 15.9 (11.1–21.4) | 8311.08 | 99.4 (99.3–99.4) | P < 0.0001 |
| Southern region | 24 (22,055) | 19.9 (14.0–26.5) | 2890.36 | 99.2 (99.1–99.3) | P < 0.0001 |
| Cattle | 55 (40,863) | 17.0 (12.3–22.2) | 9383.29 | 99.4 (99.4–99.5) | P < 0.0001 |
| Microscopy | 45 (31,135) | 13.0 (10.0–16.2) | 2749.86 | 98.4 (98.2–98.6) | P < 0.0001 |
| T. vivax | 32 (16,942) | 8.2 (5.7–11.1) | 1183.98 | 97.4 (96.9–97.8) | P < 0.0001 |
| T. congolense | 32 (16,942) | 2.8 (1.7–4.3) | 725.89 | 95.7 (94.8–96.5) | P < 0.0001 |
| T. brucei | 32 (16,942) | 1.7 (0.7–3.1) | 1076.37 | 97.1 (96.6–97.6) | P < 0.0001 |
| Serology | 2 (1175) | 21.0 (17.9–24.4) | 1.57 | 36.4 (0.0–0.0) | P < 0.0001 |
| T. vivax | 2 (1175) | 7.1 (5.7–8.7) | 0.20 | 0.0 (0.0–0.0) | P = 0.67 |
| T. congolense | 2 (1175) | 9.0 (7.4–10.7) | 0.34 | 0.0 (0.0–0.0) | P = 0.60 |
| T. brucei | 2 (1175) | 2.0 (0.7–4.1) | 3.23 | 69.0 (0.0–93) | P = 0.07 |
| PCR | 7 (8672) | 25.5 (10.5–44.4) | 793.26 | 99.2 (99.0–99.4) | P < 0.0001 |
| T. vivax | 5 (8022) | 9.5 (2.1–21.2) | 231.15 | 98.3 (97.4–98.9) | P < 0.0001 |
| T. congolense | 3 (7754) | 25.1 (16.7–34.4) | 37.26 | 94.6 (87.9–97.7) | P < 0.0001 |
| T. brucei | 6 (8522) | 4.5 (2.3–7.4) | 56.50 | 91.2 (83.5–95.3) | P < 0.0001 |
| Goats | 15 (6270) | ||||
| Microscopy | 14 (6065) | 3.7 (2.2–5.5) | 143.92 | 91.0 (86.6–93.9) | P < 0.0001 |
| T. vivax | 12 (5783) | 1.3 (0.6–2.2) | 84.21 | 86.9 (78.9–91.9) | P < 0.0001 |
| T. congolense | 12 (5783) | 0.74 (0.3–1.3) | 50.70 | 78.3 (62.6–87.4) | P < 0.0001 |
| T. brucei | 12 (5783) | 0.59 (0.1–1.4) | 94.37 | 88.3 (81.5–92.6) | P < 0.0001 |
| PCR | 1 (205) | 71.7 (65.2–77.4) | – | – | – |
| T. vivax | 1 (205) | 71.7 (65.2–77.4) | – | – | – |
| Sheep | 13 (4089) | 7.7 (3.3–13.7) | 453.06 | 97.4 (96.5–98.0) | P < 0.0001 |
| Microscopy | 13 (4089) | 7.7 (3.3–13.7) | 453.06 | 97.4 (96.5–98.0) | P < 0.0001 |
| T. vivax | 8 (2699) | 2.6 (0.3–7.0) | 198.47 | 96.5 (94.7–97.6) | P < 0.0001 |
| T. congolense | 8 (2699) | 2.4 (0.7–5.1) | 92.80 | 92.5 (87.5–95.5) | P < 0.0001 |
| T. brucei | 8 (2699) | 1.1 (0.2–2.9) | 74.50 | 90.6 (83.9–94.5) | P < 0.0001 |
| Pig | 2 (900) | ||||
| Microscopy | 1 (189) | 3.2 (1.5–6.8) | – | – | – |
| T. brucei | 1 (189) | 3.2 (1.5–6.8) | – | – | – |
| Serology | 1 (189) | 27.0 (21.2–33.7) | – | – | – |
| T. brucei | 1 (189) | 27.0 (21.2–33.7) | – | – | – |
| PCR | 1 (712) | 16.6 (14.0–19.5) | – | – | – |
| T. congolense | 1 (712) | 4.6 (3.3–6.4) | – | – | – |
| T. brucei | 1 (712) | 8.9 (7.0–11.2) | – | – | – |
| Horse | 1 (243) | 1.7 (0.6–4.2) | – | – | – |
| Camel | 1 (200) | 31.5 (25.5–38.2) | – | – | – |
Abbreviations: CI confidence interval, I inconsistency or variation