Fig. 2.

NaPPS inhibits bone resorption and actin ring formation by concentration gradient. Canine BMMs, cultured with M-CSF (25 ng/mL) and RANKL (50 ng/mL) for 7 days with or without indicated doses of NaPPS. a The cells were washed and the resorption pits were counted. b The numbers of pits were analyzed with Image-J software. c Cells were fixed, stained for F-actin formation (top) and d osteoclasts with actin ring were counted (bottom). Scale bar- 200 μm. Column indicates means ± SE of three experiments performed in triplicate. Means with *are significantly different from 0 μg/mL of NaPPS (*p < 0.05)