Table 1.
Sociodemographic characteristics of study participants in Madhepura district, Bihar, 2014 (N = 353)
| Characteristics | Categories | Percentage | Frequency |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sex | Male | 55.5 | 196 |
| Female | 44.5 | 157 | |
| Age | ≤ 29 | 27.2 | 98 |
| 30–40 | 28.2 | 100 | |
| 41–59 | 21.2 | 75 | |
| 60+ | 23.2 | 82 | |
| Religion | Hindu | 93.8 | 331 |
| Others | 6.2 | 22 | |
| Caste* | Scheduled caste/tribe | 29.2 | 103 |
| Other backward caste | 63.5 | 224 | |
| Others | 7.3 | 26 | |
| Literacy | Illiterate | 64.9 | 229 |
| Literate | 35.1 | 124 | |
| Occupation | Not working | 15.6 | 55 |
| Agriculture | 50.1 | 177 | |
| Nonagriculture | 34.3 | 121 | |
| Below poverty line card | Yes | 80.7 | 285 |
| No | 19.3 | 68 | |
| House type† | Kaccha | 65.4 | 231 |
| Semi-pucca | 31.2 | 110 | |
| Pucca | 3.4 | 12 | |
| Household ever had a case of kala-azar | Yes | 61.8 | 218 |
| No | 38.2 | 135 |
Kaccha refers to the house made of temporary materials, such as grass, straw, bamboo, mud, leaves, plastic, wood, and unburnt bricks; pucca house is made of permanent materials, such as wood, bricks, cement, metal, stone blocks, iron, metal sheet, tiles, or polyvinyl chloride material; and semi-pucca house is made of mix of temporary and permanent material.
*
The scheduled castes and scheduled tribes are officially designated groups of socially disadvantaged people in India and are recoded in the Constitution of India.
†
Classification is based on the material used to construct the floor, rood, and walls.