Table 3.
Regression coefficients of environmental compartments and hand hygiene models, reported as standardized coefficients (standard error)
| All households | With running tap water | Without running tap water | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Soil | Hands before washing | Hands after washing | Handwashing water | Drinking water | Hands after washing | Handwashing water | Drinking water | Hands after washing | Handwashing water | Drinking water | |
| Observations | 140 | 140 | 139 | 140 | 140 | 96 | 97 | 97 | 43 | 42 | 42 |
| Constant | 1.67** (0.21) | 1.14** (0.25) | 0.61** (0.17) | 0.26 (0.20) | 0.77** (0.19) | 0.34 (0.19) | 0.24 (0.20) | 0.90** (0.26) | 0.38 (0.43) | 0.43 (0.59) | 1.01* (0.57) |
| Environmental compartments | |||||||||||
| Soil | – | 0.17* (0.09) | – | 0.14 (0.08) | 0.03 (0.08) | – | 0.00 (0.07) | −0.10 (0.09) | – | 0.12 (0.17) | 0.23 (0.16) |
| Handwashing water | – | – | 0.13* (0.06) | – | – | −0.03 (0.11) | – | – | 0.25 (0.13) | – | – |
| Hands before washing | – | – | 0.50** (0.06) | 0.08 (0.09) | −0.00 (0.08) | 0.59** (0.07) | 0.01 (0.07) | −0.08 (0.09) | 0.33* (0.13) | 0.09 (0.18) | 0.03 (0.17) |
| Diarrhea incidence | |||||||||||
| Past 7 days | −0.40 (0.22) | 0.09 (0.21) | −0.09 (0.15) | −0.12 (0.20) | −0.21 (0.19) | −0.13 (0.16) | −0.13 (0.15) | −0.31 (0.20) | 0.17 (0.33) | −0.17 (0.47) | 0.23 (0.44) |
| Asset ranking | |||||||||||
| High | 0.19 (0.22) | 0.05 (0.22) | −0.10 (0.15) | 0.17 (0.20) | 0.13 (0.19) | 0.05 (0.21) | 0.06 (0.19) | 0.06 (0.25) | 0.22 (0.28) | 0.11 (0.38) | 0.03 (0.35) |
| Low | 0.07 (0.22) | 0.08 (0.21) | −0.12 (0.15) | 0.01 (0.21) | −0.13 (0.20) | 0.31 (0.17) | −0.01 (0.16) | −0.02 (0.21) | 0.11 (0.34) | 0.06 (0.51) | −0.62 (0.44) |
| Sanitation | |||||||||||
| Presence of animals | 0.48 (0.26) | 0.06 (0.26) | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Toilet structure | −0.06 (0.13) | −0.10 (0.13) | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Toilet cleanliness | −0.12 (0.12) | 0.06 (0.11) | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Toilet location | −0.20 (0.17) | 0.01 (0.17) | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Household hygiene | |||||||||||
| Presence of trash | 0.03 (0.20) | −0.15 (0.19) | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Presence of flies | 0.19 (0.21) | 0.15 (0.20) | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Handwashing facility | |||||||||||
| Location | – | – | −0.16 (0.14) | – | – | −0.24 (0.16) | – | – | 0.05 (0.29) | – | – |
| Soap and water | – | – | 0.16 (0.12) | – | – | 0.13 (0.14) | – | – | 0.20 (0.25) | – | – |
| Collection water storage | |||||||||||
| Visible dirt | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 0.87 (0.62) | 0.04 (0.68) |
| Container openings | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 0.65 (0.83) | −1.06 (0.69) |
| Handwashing water storage | |||||||||||
| Visible dirt | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | −0.64 (0.65) | – |
| Container openings | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 0.10 (0.80) | – |
| Drinking water storage | |||||||||||
| Visible dirt | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 0.00 (0.76) |
| Container openings | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 0.83 (0.65) |
| R2 | 0.10 | 0.04 | 0.38 | 0.05 | 0.02 | 0.47 | 0.01 | 0.05 | 0.29 | 0.16 | 0.18 |
| F Statistic | 1.52 | 0.59 | 11.43** | 1.25 | 0.61 | 11.05** | 0.21 | 0.86 | 2.03 | 0.70 | 0.77 |
*
P < 0.05; ** P < 0.01. Significant correlations are highlighted in bold. Supplemental Table 1 in the Supplemental Material contains all the P values for the regression model.