Table 5.
Coefficients, P values, and 95% CI of the association of predictors of interest on JEV infection rates in vectors (from univariable meta-regression models*) N = 29 studies
| Variable | N | Coefficient (logit) | Standard error (logit) | 95% CI (logit) | P value | Overall P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mosquito species† | – | – | – | – | – | < 0.01 |
| Culex tritaeniorhynchus | 13 | Reference | – | – | – | – |
| Aedes aegypti | 2 | −1.15 | 1.21 | −3.54, 1.23 | 0.34 | – |
| Aedes albopictus | 5 | −1.57 | 0.39 | −2.33, −0.80 | < 0.01 | – |
| Aedes alcasidi | 1 | −1.06 | 1.45 | −3.92, 1.79 | 0.46 | – |
| Aedes dorsalis | 1 | −3.54 | 1.56 | −6.62, −0.47 | 0.02 | – |
| Aedes japonicus | 1 | 2.06 | 1.40 | −0.70, 4.81 | 0.14 | – |
| Aedes nigromaculis | 1 | −4.11 | 1.28 | −6.63, −1.60 | 0.00 | – |
| Aedes togoi | 1 | −0.20 | 0.71 | −1.60, 1.19 | 0.77 | – |
| Aedes vexans | 2 | −3.28 | 1.56 | −6.36, −0.21 | 0.04 | – |
| Aedes vexans nipponii | 1 | −0.34 | 1.26 | −2.82, 2.14 | 0.79 | – |
| Armigeres flavus | 1 | −2.78 | 1.57 | −5.89, 0.32 | 0.08 | – |
| Armigeres subalbatus | 2 | −0.27 | 0.59 | −1.44, 0.90 | 0.65 | – |
| Coquilletiidia xanthogaster | 1 | −2.22 | 1.29 | −4.76, 0.32 | 0.09 | – |
| Culex annulirostris | 3 | 0.70 | 0.55 | −0.38, 1.79 | 0.20 | – |
| Culex annulus | 1 | −0.44 | 0.71 | −1.84, 0.97 | 0.54 | – |
| Culex fuscocephala | 1 | 2.65 | 1.12 | 0.45, 4.85 | 0.02 | – |
| Culex gelidus | 3 | 0.92 | 0.72 | −0.49, 2.34 | 0.20 | – |
| Culex pipiens | 3 | −0.48 | 0.46 | −1.38, 0.42 | 0.30 | – |
| Culex pipiens (pipiens) | 1 | −2.01 | 1.40 | −4.78, 0.75 | 0.15 | – |
| Culex pipiens fatigans | 1 | −1.67 | 0.99 | −3.62, 0.27 | 0.09 | – |
| Culex pipiens molestus | 2 | −3.16 | 0.92 | −4.97, −1.35 | < 0.01 | – |
| Culex pipiens pallens | 4 | −1.79 | 0.58 | −2.94, −0.65 | < 0.01 | – |
| Culex pseudovishnui | 2 | −0.82 | 0.28 | −1.37, −0.27 | < 0.01 | – |
| Culex quinquefasciatus | 8 | −0.77 | 0.34 | −1.44, −0.09 | 0.03 | – |
| Culex sitiens | 1 | 1.78 | 0.69 | 0.43, 3.14 | 0.01 | – |
| Culex tarsalis | 1 | −4.54 | 1.37 | −7.25, −1.83 | < 0.01 | – |
| Culex vishnui | 1 | −1.00 | 0.29 | −1.57, −0.43 | < 0.01 | – |
| Culiseta incidens | 1 | −3.30 | 1.32 | −5.90, −0.71 | 0.01 | – |
| Culiseta inornata | 1 | −3.41 | 1.32 | −6.01, −0.82 | 0.01 | – |
| Mansonia septempunctata | 1 | 0.55 | 1.25 | −1.92, 3.01 | 0.66 | – |
| Ochlerotatus detritus | 1 | 0.10 | 0.67 | −1.21, 1.41 | 0.88 | – |
| Ochlerotatus kochi | 1 | −1.44 | 1.26 | −3.93, 1.04 | 0.25 | – |
| Ochlerotatus notoscriptus | 1 | −1.28 | 0.98 | −3.21, 0.66 | 0.20 | – |
| Ochlerotatus vigilax | 1 | −1.39 | 0.79 | −2.94, 0.16 | 0.08 | – |
| Opifex fuscus | 1 | 0.91 | 1.22 | −1.49, 3.30 | 0.46 | – |
| Toxorhynchites theobaldi | 1 | −0.55 | 1.49 | −3.49, 2.38 | 0.71 | – |
| Toxorhynchites amboinensis | 1 | −0.39 | 0.68 | −1.73, 0.96 | 0.57 | – |
| Toxorhynchites brevipalpis | 1 | −1.00 | 1.11 | −3.18, 1.18 | 0.37 | – |
| Toxorhynchites rutilus | 1 | −0.55 | 1.49 | −3.49, 2.38 | 0.71 | – |
| Verrallina funerea | 1 | 0.16 | 1.20 | −2.20, 2.51 | 0.90 | – |
| Intercept | – | 0.14 | 0.16 | −0.18, 0.46 | 0.38 | – |
| Administration route | ||||||
| Oral feeding | 24 | Reference | – | – | – | < 0.01 |
| Intrathoracic inoculation | 3 | 0.14 | 0.44 | −0.73, 1.00 | 0.75 | – |
| Vertical transmission | 4 | −1.05 | 0.27 | −1.58, −0.52 | < 0.01 | – |
| Intercept | – | −0.27 | 0.11 | −0.48, −0.06 | 0.01 | – |
CI = confidence intervals; JEV = Japanese encephalitis virus.
*
Random effects meta-regression models using the restricted maximum likelihood method.
†
Species are reported as recorded in the original articles.