Table 2. Baseline characteristics of Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study participants stratified by conversion status.
| Diabetes conversion status | |||
|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|||
| Baseline variable | NC | C | p-value |
| Number of participants (N) | 595 | 127 | |
| Age (years) | 55 (46–63) | 57 (49–65) | 0.0132 |
| Fasting glucose (mg/dL) | 92 (83–102) | 100 (90–112) | <0.0001 |
| Fasting insulin (pmol/L) | 70 (38–129) | 108 (55–211) | <0.0001 |
| Adiponectin (mg/mL) | 7.6 (4.9–11.7) | 6.3 (4.1–9.6) | <0.0001 |
| Ferritin (ng/mL) | 95 (33–275) | 134 (56–323) | 0.0078 |
| Interleukin receptor 2 alpha (u/mL) | 321 (215–479) | 338 (223–512) | 0.7543 |
| C-reactive protein (mg/L) | 1.8 (0.6–5.6) | 2.7 (1.0–7.3) | 0.4674 |
| Diabetes Risk Score | 4.5 (1.7–7.7) | 7.7 (4.8–9.3) | <0.0001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 27 (23–33) | 31 (25–38) | <0.0001 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 88 (77–101) | 95 (83–109) | 0.3099 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 119 (105–136) | 124 (108–145) | 0.1365 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 77 (69–87) | 78 (69–89) | 0.5325 |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 5.4 (4.4–6.5) | 5.4 (4.5–6.5) | 0.905 |
| HDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.2 (0.9–1.6) | 1.1 (0.8–1.4) | 0.0094 |
| LDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 3.6 (2.8–4.5) | 3.6 (2.7–4.7) | 0.9728 |
| Triglycerides (mmol/L) | 1.2 (0.7–2.2) | 1.5 (0.9–2.5) | 0.0085 |
| 2-h glucose (mg/dL) | 115 (88–152) | 149 (118–188) | <0.0001 |
Unadjusted means (±1 standard deviation) were calculated on the transformed variablesa and back-transformed. The p-value tests the null hypothesis that there is no significant difference between converters (C) and non-converters (NC) after adjusting for body mass index (BMI), age, clinic, gender and race.
a
All variables were log-transformed except for fasting glucose and LDL cholesterol, where the square root was applied, systolic blood pressure, where the reciprocal was used, the DRS, which was logit-transformed, and age, which was not transformed.