Table 3. Lifestyle and Health characteristics of Appalachian pain patients, Complementary Health Approaches for Pain Survey (CHAPS), WV, 2014–2016.
| Characteristic | N | % |
|---|---|---|
| Alcohol | ||
| None in past year | 141 | 46.8% |
| <2–3 times per month | 87 | 28.9% |
| ≥1 time per week | 40 | 13.3% |
| Missing | 33 | 11% |
| Smoker | ||
| Never | 109 | 39.9% |
| Current | 75 | 27.5% |
| Former | 89 | 32.6% |
| Exercise in past month | 119 | 43.6% |
| Number of minutes p/wka (Mean (SD)) | 196.1 | 399.1 |
| BMI+ (Mean (SD)) | 33.8 | 31.5 |
| ≤ 25 | 53 | 17.6% |
| 25.1–29.9 | 81 | 26.9% |
| 30–34.9 | 66 | 21.9% |
| 35+ | 66 | 21.9% |
| Missing | 35 | 11.6% |
| Chronic Pain | ||
| Currently experiencing | 270 | 93.4% |
| Experienced in the past | 283 | 97.6% |
| Global Pain Scaleb | ||
| Total (Mean (SD)) | 50.6 | 20.6 |
| Pain | 15.5 | 4.5 |
| Feelings | 10.7 | 6.3 |
| Clinical Outcomes | 13.8 | 6.3 |
| Activities | 12.2 | 7.4 |
| Prescription medication use for pain management* | ||
| None | 48 | 24.9% |
| Opioids | 85 | 44% |
| Other Rx | 60 | 31.1% |
| Number of Health Conditions | ||
| 0–1 | 20 | 7% |
| 2 | 27 | 10% |
| 3 | 39 | 14% |
| 4 | 38 | 14% |
| 5+ | 155 | 56% |
| Total (Mean (SD) (range) | 5.4 (0–16) | 3.1 |
| Pain syndromesc | 2.3 (0–7) | 1.58 |
| Mental Health conditionsd | 0.84 (0–2) | 0.87 |
| Injurye | 0.48 (0–2) | 0.7 |
| Other conditionsf | 1.4 (0–7) | 1.4 |
Note: Column Percentages shown.
*Assessed after initial pilot-test wave (N = 193); Sample using opioids for pain may or may not also include use of other Rx
a. Only those who exercised in past month without missing exercise data (N = 76)
b. SF-Global Pain Scale score 0–100, with 100 indicative of greatest impact of pain upon life; Subscales Pain, feelings, clinical outcomes, and activities scores each 0–25
c. Includes: Spine/Back/Neck pain, migraines, tension headaches, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Osteoarthritis, Temporomandibular Jaw Disorder, Knee Pain, Fibromyalgia, and/or Gout
d. Includes depression and/or anxiety
e. Includes broken bones and/or musculoskeletal injury/tissue trauma
f. Includes: Hypertension, heart disease, irritable bowel disorder, renal disorder, asthma, chronic bronchitis, diabetes, cancer, stroke, and/or chronic fatigue syndrome