. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Mar 5.

Published in final edited form as: J Nutr Gerontol Geriatr. 2018 Mar 5;37(1):1–13. doi: 10.1080/21551197.2017.1419899

Table 2.

Odds (95% confidence interval) of prevalent cognitive impairment by race and vitamin D status: Health ABC study.

		25(OH)D Category			P-value for trend
		<20 ng/mL	20 to <30 ng/mL	≥30 ng/mL	P-value for trend
White (n = 1,681)	Unadjusted	0.94 (0.62–1.41)	0.89 (0.64–1.24)	Ref	0.76
	Adjusted^a	0.88 (0.56–1.37)	0.84 (0.59–1.21)	Ref	0.56
Black (n = 1,096)	Unadjusted	1.80 (1.01–3.20)	1.41 (0.75–2.63)	Ref	0.05
	Adjusted^a	2.05 (1.08–3.91)	1.71 (0.86–3.40)	Ref	0.03

Adjusted confounders: age, sex, study site, season, BMI category (<25, 25–<30, ≥30 kg/m²), walking time (0, >0 – <150, ≥150 min/week), highest educational level completed, depressive symptoms as measured by the center for epidemiologic studies depression scale, kidney disease (eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m²), diabetes, cardiovascular disease (defined as a history of myocardial infarction or cerebrovascular accident), alcohol consumption (current, former, never), and smoking (current, former, never).