Table 1.
Mean, standard deviations, skewness, and kurtosis of study variables
| Study variables | M | SD | Skewness | Kurtosis |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dyadic positive engagement age 2 | 0.33 | 0.14 | 0.25 | −0.19 |
| Dyadic coercion age 2 | 0.11 | 0.08 | 1.32 | 1.99 |
| Positive behavior support COIMP age 2 | 5.91 | 1.33 | −0.29 | 0.57 |
| Coercive limit setting COIMP age 2 | 2.88 | 0.87 | 0.23 | 0.15 |
| Dyadic positive engagement age 5 | 0.37 | 0.14 | 0.08 | −0.43 |
| Dyadic coercion age 5 | 0.06 | 0.05 | 1.70 | 4.53 |
| Positive behavior support COIMP age 5 | 5.24 | 1.33 | 0.00 | −0.35 |
| Coercive limit setting COIMP age 5 | 2.57 | 0.80 | 0.56 | 0.57 |
| CBCL externalizing age 7 | 12.85 | 9.56 | 1.09 | 1.04 |
| CBCL externalizing age 8 | 10.91 | 9.35 | 1.13 | 1.03 |
| CBCL externalizing age 9 | 10.71 | 9.03 | 1.18 | 1.46 |
| CBCL externalizing age 10 | 10.49 | 9.58 | 1.41 | 1.90 |
| CBCL internalizing age 7 | 8.19 | 7.04 | 1.52 | 2.76 |
| CBCL internalizing age 8 | 7.82 | 7.17 | 1.37 | 1.79 |
| CBCL internalizing age 9 | 7.89 | 7.23 | 1.64 | 3.90 |
| CBCL internalizing age 10 | 7.99 | 7.34 | 1.30 | 1.73 |
| Female (percentage) | 49.5 % | |||
| European-American (percentage) | 46.6 % | |||
| African-American (percentage) | 27.6 % | |||
| Other ethnicities (percentage) | 25.8 % |
For gender and ethnicity variables, percentages were provided