Table 1.

Inappropriate rDNA repair may lead to chromosomal rearrangements that contribute to cancer

Chromosomal rearrangements involving rDNA	Consequences
rDNA gain	Increased ribosome biogenesis
	Collision between Pol I transcription and replication machineries
rDNA loss	Increased transcription of the remaining rDNA genes
	Loss of nucleolar heterochromatin
	Alteration of the global epigenetic landscape
	Centromeric, pericentromeric and telomeric instability
	Altered condensin-dependent DNA repair
	Genome-wide dysregulation of gene expression
	Faster replication of the genome
	Increased sensitivity to DNA-damaging agents
Translocations (dicentrinc, multiple jumping)	Unknown