Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2018 May 2;8:6947. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-25170-9

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

PMC Copyright notice

Effects of lidocaine on action potential upstroke, electrogram duration and conduction velocity in NRVM cultures. Unpaired Student’s t-test (two-tailed) showing the effect of lidocaine (27 μmol/L) on upstroke duration (a) and EGM duration (b) measured before or after the addition of lidocaine (n = 8). (c) Correlation of upstroke duration with conduction velocity before or after sodium channel blockade (r² = 0.6, p < 0.0001). (d) Superimposed optical action potentials showing increased upstroke duration after the addition of lidocaine, and (e) superimposed raw unipolar EGMs, which show decreased EGM amplitude and increased EGM duration due to the blockade of sodium channels, all derived from the same electrode as shown on the left. (f) Isochronal maps presenting the propagation of electrical activity before (23.8 cm/s) and after (14.3 cm/s) lidocaine administration in the same NRVM culture. All bar charts represent mean ± SEM; *p < 0.05; ****p < 0.0001.