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. 2018 May 2;9:1767. doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04207-7

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 8 — Annual pluvial extremes and major atmospheric/oceanic circulation indices. 30-year low-pass filter (loess) z-scores of annual North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), Arctic Oscillation (AO, AO-CPC) and Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO). All datasets extracted from the KNMI explorer online platform. Light blue shade represents the intervals 1923–1952 and 1983–2012. On the secondary vertical axis, the grid cell percentage of annual extremes (above the 0.95 quantile) is presented for comparison purposes (grey bars). The periods of spatial polarization are highlighted by transparent blue bars