Table 3.

Multivariable-adjusted¹ geometric means of premenopausal estrogen metabolism measures by body fatness at age 10

	Geometric mean by body fatness pictogram					P-trend1,2	P-trend2,3
	1	2	3	4	5+
N4	101	191	151	91	63
Individual and grouped estrogens/estrogen metabolites (EM) (pmol/mg creatinine)
All EM combined	221.2	197.9	199.8	186.7	173.7	0.003	0.10
Parent estrogens	47.0	42.0	40.2	40.1	35.9	0.002	0.01
Estrone	31.0	27.4	26.4	27.9	22.9	0.01	0.03
Estradiol	14.8	13.5	13.5	12.2	12.5	0.02	0.01
Catechols	76.8	65.8	63.1	61.4	50.2	0.001	0.23
2-catechols	66.4	57.2	53.7	52.1	41.9	0.0004	0.18
2-Hydroxyestrone	59.1	50.4	47.3	45.7	36.6	0.0003	0.15
2-Hydroxyestradiol	6.3	6.0	5.4	5.4	4.5	0.01	0.45
4-catechols
4-Hydroxyestrone	7.1	6.3	6.0	6.1	5.5	0.10	0.28
Methylated catechols	12.2	11.2	9.6	10.4	8.5	0.001	0.17
Methylated 2-catechols	11.7	10.9	9.2	9.9	8.2	0.002	0.17
2-Methoxyestrone	9.4	8.3	7.2	8.0	6.5	0.004	0.26
2-Methoxyestradiol	0.78	0.72	0.66	0.75	0.59	0.07	0.63
2-Hydroxyestrone-3-methyl ether	1.4	1.3	1.2	1.2	1.1	0.045	0.55
Methylated 4-catechols	0.28	0.21	0.23	0.24	0.17	0.04	0.62
4-Methoxyestrone	0.17	0.14	0.15	0.15	0.11	0.052	0.99
4-Methoxyestradiol	0.06	0.05	0.05	0.06	0.04	0.22	0.90
2-Hydroxylation Pathway	79.3	69.2	63.7	62.7	51.0	0.0003	0.13
4-Hydroxylation Pathway	8.2	7.1	7.0	6.7	6.4	0.06	0.21
16-Hydroxylation Pathway	66.3	63.8	62.9	62.9	62.3	0.52	0.97
16α-Hydroxyestrone	11.9	11.0	11.3	9.8	9.4	0.06	0.40
Estriol	27.7	28.4	26.9	30.2	29.9	0.49	0.65
17-Epiestriol	1.4	1.7	1.5	2.0	1.4	0.62	0.39
16-Ketoestradiol	14.0	13.3	13.3	13.3	11.4	0.10	0.85
16-Epiestriol	5.8	5.7	5.8	5.7	5.6	0.83	0.70
Ratios (pmol/pmol)
2-Hydroxyestrone/16α-Hydroxyestrone	4.9	4.3	4.0	4.4	4.3	0.36	0.89
4-Pathway/2-Pathway	0.10	0.10	0.11	0.10	0.11	0.14	0.90
2-Pathway/16-Pathway	1.19	1.04	0.94	0.96	0.86	0.01	0.25
2,4-Pathway/16-Pathway	1.3	1.2	1.1	1.1	1.0	0.03	0.32
2-Catechols/Methylated 2-catechols	5.6	5.1	5.5	5.0	4.9	0.18	0.51
4-Catechols/Methylated 4-catechols	26.0	29.3	26.2	24.8	34.4	0.63	0.69
Catechols/Methylated catechols	6.3	5.7	6.2	5.7	5.7	0.40	0.67
2-Pathway/Parent estrogens	1.7	1.6	1.5	1.5	1.4	0.01	0.96
4-Pathway/Parent estrogens	0.16	0.16	0.17	0.15	0.17	0.99	0.56
16-Pathway/Parent estrogens	1.4	1.5	1.6	1.6	1.5	0.34	0.17
Parent estrogens/2-, 4-, 16-Pathways	0.28	0.28	0.27	0.28	0.29	0.75	0.14

¹Adjusted for age at urine collection, ovulatory cycle, luteal phase of sample, first morning urine sample, age at first birth/parity, physical activity, alcohol intake, caffeine intake, current smoker, current menstrual cycle length, and current menstrual cycle regularity.

²Tests for trend were conducted by modeling the five body fatness scores as a continuous exposure and calculating the Wald statistic. Statistically significant P for trend are shown in bold.

³Additionally adjusted for BMI (continuous) at urine collection

⁴Six participants did not report body fatness at age 10.