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. 2018 Apr 26;9:393. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00393

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Copyright © 2018 Chen, Feng, Huo and Tan.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Ca²⁺ waves triggered by four sparks at the corner of a computational domain, i.e., (18, 19.2), (18, 18.4), (18, 17.6), (18, 16.8) in the region of 20 × 20 μm². The beginning level of [Ca²⁺]_lumen is 1.0 mM. (A,B) Snapshots of Ca²⁺ waves initially triggered by Ca²⁺ sparks with rogue RyRs (A) and without considering rogue RyRs (B) at 10, 50, 100, 150 ms from left to right. (C) Computational results for line-scan images of [Ca²⁺]_cyto with and without rogue RyRs at the line of y = 16.8.