Figure 1. A, Lateral cephalometric radiograph illustrating the cephalometric landmarks, and linear and angular measurements used for the cephalometric analysis. ∠ANB, This angle represents the anteroposterior position of the maxilla to the anteroposterior position of the mandible; ∠FMA, the mandibular plane-Frankfort horizontal plane angle represents the cant of the mandibular plane to the Frankfort horizontal plane; Upper pharynx width, the width is measured from a point on the posterior outline of the soft palate to the closest point on the posterior pharyngeal wall; Lower pharynx width, the width is measured from the intersection of the posterior border of the tongue and the interior border of the mandible to the closest point on the posterior pharyngeal wall. B, Reorientation for the measurement of hard palate morphology. Horizontal plane, the tangent plane of the maxillary alveolar bone at its most inferior level; sagittal plane, the plane perpendicular to the horizontal plane and through the ANS-PNS line; coronal plane, the plane perpendicular to both horizontal plane and sagittal plane.