Table 4.
Change in clinical and functional measures after interventions in women with fibromyalgia.
| Exercise | Relaxation | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n = 49 | n = 43 | |||
| Before | Δ | Before | Δ | |
| VAS global pain intensity (0–100) | 50.0 (36.0) | −16.0 (40.0) | 56.0 (26.0) | −2.0 (18.0) |
| PPT (kPa) | 178.6 (±77.1) | 7.3 (±67.0) | 183.1 (±88.7) | −15.9(±46.9) |
| Hand grip force (N) | 196.2 (±70.9) | 21.0 (±40.0) | 177.6 (±72.5) | 20.3 (±46.0) |
| Elbow flexion force (kg) | 12.4 (±4.9) | 2.1 (±3.1) | 11.1 (±5.3) | 1.3 (±3.6) |
| Knee extension force (N) | 321.6 (±108.2) | 29.3(±69.3) | 295.3 (±111.9) | −3.0 (±68.6) |
| 6MWT (m) | 565.4 (±75.4) | 17.3 (±63.1) | 542.0 (±67.4) | −4.6 (±44.2) |
| PDI (0–70) | 38.0 (17.0) | −5.0 (13.0) | 36.0 (15.5) | 0.0 (11.0) |
| HADS-depression (0–21) | 7.0 (5.0) | −1.0 (4.0) | 7.0 (4.0) | 0.0 (2.0) |
| HADS-anxiety (0–21) | 8.0 (6.0) | 0.0 (5.0) | 8.0 (6.0) | 0.0 (3.0) |
| PCS (0–52) | 18.0 (16.0) | −3.0 (11.0) | 19.0 (18.5) | −2.0 (8.5) |
| SF36-PSC (0–100) | 31.2 (9.4) | 1.7 (11.7) | 28.5 (10.4) | 1.3 (6.9) |
| SF36-MSC (0–100) | 36.6 (16.6) | 2.5 (8.6) | 41.4 (20.2) | 0.7 (12.0) |
| FIQ (0–100) | 57.1 (23.4) | −7.1 (15.5) | 60.9 (26.0) | −0.6 (19.9) |
| MFI (0–20) | ||||
| General fatigue | 19.0 (4.0) | −1.0 (3.0) | 19.0 (3.5) | 0.0 (1.8) |
| Physical fatigue | 16.0 (4.0) | −2.0 (5.3) | 17.0 (5.0) | 0.0 (2.0) |
| Reduced activity | 14.0 (6.0) | −1.0 (4.3) | 15.0 (5.5) | 0.0 (3.0) |
| Reduced motivation | 10.0 (5.0) | −1.0 (4.0) | 9.0 (5.0) | 0.0 (3.0) |
| Mental fatigue | 16.0 (5.0) | −2.0 (4.3) | 16.0 (6.0) | 0.0 (3.8) |
Data are presented as mean (±SD) or median (interquartile range) before and their change (Δ) after 15 weeks of progressive resistance exercise or relaxation therapy. Note that these data essentially have been published elsewhere [23]. BMI = body mass index; BP = blood pressure; FIQ = fibromyalgia impact questionnaire; HADS = hospital anxiety and depression scale; MFI = multidimensional fatigue inventory; PDI = pain disability index; PPT = pressure pain thresholds (mean of 8 sites); SF36 = Short Form Health Survey 36, physical (PSC) and mental summary components (MSC); 6MWT = 6-min walk test; VAS = visual analogue scale. Italic figures denote significant group difference (independent t-test/Mann–Whitney U test; P < 0.05).