Table 1.
Participant characteristics at baseline
| Swedish Obese
Subjects Recruitment: 1987–2001 |
SOReg/Itrim Recruitment: 2006–2013 |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bariatric Surgerya (n=2008) |
Controls (n=2037) |
P | Gastric
Bypass (n=20,256) |
Intensive Lifestyle (16,162) |
P | |
| Women, n (%) | 1420 (70.7%) | 1447 (71.0%) | 0.824 | 16,071 (79.3%) | 12,823 (79.3%) | 1.0 |
| Age (Years), Mean (SD) | 47.2 (5.9) | 48.7 (6.3) | <0.0001 | 41.3 (10.5) | 41.5 (10.8) | 0.125 |
| Body-Mass Index (kg/m2), Mean (SD) | 42.4 (4.5) | 40.1 (4.7) | <0.0001 | 41.1 (3.9) | 40.6 (4.1) | <0.0001 |
| University Education, n (%) | 256 (12.7%) | 431 (21.2%) | <0.0001 | 4660 (23.0%) | 3718 (23.0%) | 1.0 |
| Married, n (%) | – | – | – | 9034 (44.6%) | 6837 (42.3%) | <0.0001 |
| Income (1000 €), Mean (SD) | – | – | – | 23.7 (14.5) | 28.2 (19.4) | <0.0001 |
| Disability Pension, n (%) | 357 (17.8%) | 316 (15.5%) | 0.053 | 2366 (11.7%) | 997 (6.2%) | <0.0001 |
| Unemployment, n (%) | – | – | – | 2016 (10.0%) | 883 (5.5%) | <0.0001 |
| History of Psychiatric Illness, n (%) | ||||||
| Self-Harm | 69 (3.4%) | 38 (1.9%) | 0.0019 | 403 (2.0%) | 322 (2.0%) | 1.0 |
| Substance Abuse | 58 (2.9%) | 49 (2.4%) | 0.339 | 294 (1.5%) | 235 (1.5%) | 1.0 |
| Psychiatric healthcare visitsb | 200 (10.0%) | 175 (8.6%) | 0.133 | 3083 (15.2%) | 2460 (15.2%) | 1.0 |
| Use of Antidepressants | 133 (6.6%) | 114 (5.6%) | 0.173 | 6108 (30.2%) | 4873 (30.2%) | 1.0 |
| Use of Anxiolytics | 98 (4.9%) | 88 (4.3%) | 0.395 | 3446 (17.0%) | 2750 (17.0%) | 1.0 |
| Use of Hypnotics and Sedatives | 74 (3.7%) | 59 (2.9%) | 0.160 | 4426 (21.9%) | 2888 (17.9%) | <0.0001 |
| Physical Health Status, n (%) | ||||||
| Diabetes | 346 (17.2%) | 263 (12.9%) | 0.0001 | 1954 (9.6%) | 1559 (9.6%) | 1.0 |
| Cardiovascular Disease | 383 (19.1%) | 260 (12.8%) | <0.0001 | 4203 (20.7%) | 3354 (20.7%) | 1.0 |
a
Primary operations were: 1367 (68.1%) vertical-banded gastroplasty, 376 (18.7%) gastric banding, 265 (13.2%) gastric bypass
b
SOS: Only from inpatient care; SOReg: From both inpatient (6.7% surgery versus 6.5% intensive lifestyle, P=0.439) and hospital-based outpatient care (12.4% surgery versus 12.3% intensive lifestyle, P=0.745)