Table 2.

Cell-Free Fetal Gene Expression of Select Genes Related to Preterm Birth Pathways.^a

Pathway	Gene Name	Gestational Age			Case Status
		P Value	FDR Q Val	Effect Size per Week of Gestation	P Value	FDR Q Val	Fold Change (Up in Cases)
Oxidative stress	NOS1b,c	.014	.183	↓ 38%	.007	.59	2.11
Oxidative stress	DDOb	.001	.028	↓ 48%	.061	.59	1.73
Inflammation	B2Mb	<.001	.001	↓ 60%	.12	.59	2.82
HPA axis	GRIA2b	.236	.235	↓ 19%	.09	.59	2.03

Abbreviations: B2M, beta-2 microglobulin; DDO, d-aspartate oxidase; FDR Q-val, false discovery rate–corrected Q value; GRIA2, glutamate ionotropic receptor AMPA type subunit 2; HPA, hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal; NOS1, nitric oxide synthase 1; AMPA, α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid.

^aFour of 65 genes from various pathways were chosen to illustrate findings. Significance is defined as P < .05 with FDR Q-val of ≤0.10.

^bGenes significantly negatively associated with gestational age at delivery.

^cGenes significantly associated with case status.