Figure 1. Top 25 Causes of Disability-Adjusted Life-Years (DALYs) and % Change in Number of DALYs, All-Age DALYs, and Age-Standardized DALYs, 1990-2016.

Dotted lines: a leading cause has decreased in rank between 1990 and 2016; solid lines, a cause has maintained or ascended to a higher ranking. Causes in white boxes were not among the top 25 in either 1990 or in 2016. COPD, indicates chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

^aIncludes tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer.

^bIndicates HIV/AIDS resulting in other diseases.

^cIndicates chronic kidney disease (CKD) due to diabetes.