Table 4. Comparison of the clinical characteristics of the three erosive esophagitis groups according to the frequency of reflux symptoms.
| sEE (n = 189) | msEE (n = 469) | aEE (n = 604) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean±SD (years) | 52.2±9.3 | 52.3±9.3 | 52.9±9.6 |
| Age group | |||
| ≤39 years (%) | 7.4 | 8.7 | 7.3 |
| 40–59 years (%) | 69.8 | 70.4 | 68.2 |
| ≥60 years (%) | 22.8 | 20.9 | 24.5 |
| Male (%) | 86.8 | 84.7 | 82.3 |
| BMI, mean±SD (kg/m2) | 24.6±3.6 | 24.4±3.4 | 24.2±3.6 |
| BMI ≥25 kg/m2 (%) | 42.9 | 38.2 | 34.3 |
| Current smoking (%) | 26.5 | 24.7 | 24.5 |
| Alcohol consumption ≥20 g /day (%) | 45.5a | 40.9 | 35.3 |
| Sleep shortage (%) | 37.6a | 29.9 | 27.7 |
| Exercise shortage (%) | 68.3 | 70.8 | 59.6 |
| Irregular meal time (%) | 22.8 | 26.0 | 20.2 |
| Experiencing high levels of stress (%) | 45.0b | 30.9 | 20.4 |
| Feeling depressed (%) | 14.3b | 7.9 | 4.3 |
| Kyphosis diagnosed by questionnaire (%) | 1.1 | 0.64 | 0.66 |
| STAI score, mean±SD | 44.9±10.6b | 41.5±10.1 | 39.7±9.1 |
| High STAI score (%) | 51.3b | 37.7 | 32.8 |
| Erosive esophagitis ≥LA grade B (%) | 35.5b | 22.0 | 14.2 |
| Hiatal hernia severe grade (%) | 18.0b | 10.9 | 5.6 |
| Endoscopic Barret’s mucosa ≥10 mm (%) | 5.8 | 5.3 | 3.5 |
| Atrophic gastritis (%) | 31.8a | 23.2 | 23.2 |
| Use of NSAIDs (%) | 1.6 | 1.7 | 1.7 |
| Use of low-dose aspirin (%) | 0.0 | 0.85 | 1.2 |
| Use of Ca antagonists (%) | 14.3 | 12.8 | 11.8 |
| Use of ARB (%) | 11.1 | 11.5 | 8.8 |
| Use of statins (%) | 10.1 | 11.3 | 10.4 |
| Use of oral hypoglycemic agents (%) | 4.8 | 4.3 | 5.8 |
| Use of bisphosphonate (%) | 0.0 | 0.21 | 0.17 |
| Use of gastromucoprotective agents (%) | 2.7 | 2.1 | 3.0 |
| Overlapping with FD (%) | 33.3b | 1.5 | 1.2 |
| PDS (%) | 14.3b | 0.64 | 0.83 |
| EPS (%) | 27.5b | 0.85 | 0.33 |
sEE, symptomatic erosive esophagitis; msEE, mild symptomatic erosive esophagitis; aEE, asymptomatic erosive esophagitis; SD, standard deviation; BMI, body mass index; STAI, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory; NSAIDs, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; Ca, calcium; ARB, angiotensin II receptor blocker; FD, functional dyspepsia; PDS, postprandial distress syndrome; EPS, epigastric pain syndrome.
a P<0.05 versus msEE plus aEE
b P<0.0001 versus msEE plus aEE