Table 4. Bivariate analysis of the level of food hygiene and safety measures among all food handlers from December 2013 to June 2014, Dessie town, Ethiopia.
| Variables (n = 135) | Level of food hygiene and safety measures | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Good | Poor | COR (95%CI) | |
| Sex | |||
| Women | 75 (67%) | 37 (33%) | 0.4 (0.14, 1.34) |
| Men | 19 (83%) | 4 (17%) | 1.0 |
| Age | |||
| <18 years | 3 (30%) | 7 (70%) | 0.16 (0.04, 0.66) |
| ≥18 years | 91 (73%) | 34 (27%) | 1.0 |
| Marital status | |||
| Single | 58 (67%) | 29 (33%) | 1 (0.31, 3.2) |
| Married | 26 (79%) | 7 (21%) | 1.9 (0.48, 7.23) |
| Divorced and widowed | 10 (67%) | 5 (33%) | 1.0 |
| Religion | |||
| Christian | 69 (76.7%) | 21 (23.3%) | 2.6 (1.22, 5.65) |
| Muslim | 25 (55.5%) | 20 (45.5%) | 1.0 |
| Educational status | |||
| Illiterate | 14 (82) | 3 (18%) | 1.4 (0.23, 8.42) |
| Grade 1–4 | 5 (71%) | 2 (29%) | 0.7 (0.09, 6.04) |
| Grade 5–8 | 28 (67%) | 14 (33%) | 0.6 (0.14, 2.53) |
| Grade 9–12 | 37 (77%) | 19 (33%) | 0.6 (0.14, 2.38) |
| College and above | 10 (77%) | 3 (23%) | 1.0 |
| Average monthly income | |||
| >$21 US | 47 (59%) | 9 (16%) | 3.6 (1.53–8.26) |
| ≤$21 US | 47 (84%) | 32 (41%) | 1.0 |
| *Awareness on fecal-oral disease transmission | 94 (70%) | 41 (30%) | |
| *Can you mention foodborne illness | |||
| Yes | 93 (73%) | 35 (27%) | 15.9 (1.85, 137.19) |
| No | 1 (14%) | 6 (86%) | 1.0 |
| *Do you use separate handmade (fabric) towel for dish drying | |||
| Yes | 63 (80%) | 16 (20%) | 3.2 (1.48, 6.79) |
| No | 31 (55%) | 25 (45%) | 1.0 |
| *Will dish drying towel be a contamination risk | |||
| Yes | 19 (95%) | 1 (5.0%) | 10.1 (1.31, 78.49) |
| No | 75 (65%) | 40 (35%) | 1.0 |
| *Do you know the importance of gowning | |||
| Yes | 91 (75%) | 30 (25%) | 10.8 (2.82, 41.11) |
| No | 3 (21%) | 11 (79%) | 1.0 |
| *Usually wear gown at work | |||
| Yes | 76 (90%) | 8 (10%) | 17.4 (6.89, 44.04) |
| No | 18 (35%) | 33 (65%) | 1.0 |
| *Wear gown at study visit (observed) | |||
| Yes | 79 (90%) | 9 (10%) | 18.7 (7.44, 47.12) |
| No | 15 (32%) | 32 (68%) | 1.0 |
| *Do you wash your hand after latrine | |||
| Yes | 93 (72%) | 37 (28%) | 10.1 (1.09, 92.96) |
| No | 1 (20%) | 4 (80%) | 1.0 |
| *Do you use soap for hand washing | |||
| Yes | 91 (72%) | 36 (28%) | 4.2 (0.96, 18.55) |
| No | 3 (38%) | 5 (62%) | 1.0 |
| *Does washing hand after latrine prevent foodborne disease | |||
| Yes | 92 (71%) | 38 (29%) | 3.6 (0.58, 22.61) |
| No | 2 (40%) | 3 (60%) | 1.0 |
| *Have you taken a training on food handling | |||
| Yes | 37 (92%) | 3 (8.0%) | 8.2 (2.36, 28.59) |
| No | 57 (60%) | 38 (40%) | 1.0 |
| *Medical checkup within six months | |||
| Yes | 77 (80%) | 19 (20%) | 5.2 (2.34, 11.76) |
| No | 17 (44%) | 22 (56%) | 1.0 |
| *If yes, do you have checkup certificate | |||
| Yes | 43 (96%) | 2 (4.4%) | 16.4 (3.75, 72.07) |
| No | 51 (57%) | 39 (43%) | 1.0 |
| *Is medical checkup periodic | |||
| Yes (quarterly) | 58 (92%) | 5 (7.9%) | 15.5 (3.82, 62.61) |
| Yes (6–12 months) | 12 (63%) | 7 (37%) | 2.3 (0.56, 9.37) |
| Not periodic | 6 (43%) | 8 (57%) | 1.0 |
* Variables used to measure the level of food hygiene and safety