Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of the SAHF population according to T2DM status
| T2DM‐SAHF (n = 290) | Other‐SAHF (n = 261) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 71 ± 4.4 | 71 ± 5.1 | 0.877 |
| Male gender (n, %) | 163 (56.2) | 106 (40.6) | <0.001 |
| Weight (kg) | 86.2 ± 17.1 | 79.7 ± 15.4 | <0.001 |
| Height (cm) | 168.4 ± 9.9 | 166.6 ± 9.4 | 0.027 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 30.4 ± 5.9 | 28.6 ± 4.7 | <0.001 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 103.7 ± 13.3 | 96.8 ± 13.7 | <0.001 |
| Obesity (n, %) | 142 (49.0) | 108 (41.4) | 0.074 |
| Heart rate (n/min) | 69 ± 11 | 66 ± 11 | 0.001 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 139 ± 15 | 141 ± 18 | 0.143 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 81 ± 10 | 83 ± 11 | 0.021 |
| Hypertension (n, %) | 222 (76.6) | 231 (88.5) | <0.001 |
| Active hypertension (n, %) | 143 (49.3) | 132 (50.6) | 0.767 |
| Past heart disease (n, %) | 20 (6.9) | 24 (9.2) | 0.321 |
| Family history of HF (n, %) | 90 (31.0) | 115 (44.1) | 0.002 |
| Past chemotherapy (n, %) | 24 (8.3) | 25 (9.6) | 0.592 |
| Atrial fibrillation (n, %) | 29 (10) | 18 (6.9) | 0.224 |
| 6MWD (m) | 451 ± 111 | 493 ± 87 | <0.001 |
| Biomarker | |||
| HbA1c (mmol/mol) | 53.7 ± 10.3 | — | — |
| Impaired HbA1c (>64 mmol/mol) | 38 (13.1) | — | — |
| eGFR | |||
| >90 mL/min/1.73 m2 | 41 (14.1) | — | — |
| 60–90 mL/min/1.73 m2 | 207 (71.4) | — | — |
| <60 mL/min/1.73 m2 | 42 (14.5) | — | — |
| Creatinine (μmol/L) | 91.8 ± 21.4 | — | — |
| Medication | |||
| Insulin | 69 (23.8) | — | — |
| Metformin | 196 (67.6) | — | — |
| ACEI/ARB (n, %) | 201 (69.3) | 190 (72.8) | 0.368 |
| Beta‐blockers (n, %) | 16 (5.5) | 13 (5.0) | 0.778 |
| Calcium antagonists (n, %) | 68 (23.4) | 68 (26.1) | 0.108 |
| Diuretics (n, %) | 33 (11.4) | 42 (16.1) | 0.479 |
| Lipid‐lowering medications (n, %) | 148 (51.0) | 149 (57.1) | 0.155 |
ARB, angiotensin II receptor blocker; ACEI, angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitor; BMI, body mass index; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HbA1c, haemoglobin A1c; HF, heart failure; SAHF, Stage A heart failure; 6MWD, 6 min walk distance; T2DM, Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Bold P values are significant.