Table 1.
Composition of concentrate mixtures fed to cows
| Ingredients | Lactating cows (kg) | Dry cows (kg) |
|---|---|---|
| Corn | 470.00 | 708.00 |
| Soybean meal | 150.00 | 185.00 |
| Full-fat soy flour | 80.00 | 0.00 |
| Fish meal | 50.00 | 0.00 |
| Bran | 120.00 | 50.00 |
| Calcium carbonate | 12.00 | 11.00 |
| Dicalcium phosphate | 4.00 | 10.00 |
| Molasses | 40.00 | 20.00 |
| Salt | 8.00 | 10.00 |
| Saponification of fat powder | 50.00 | 0.00 |
| Sodium bicarbonate | 13.00 | 0.00 |
| Vitamins1) | 1.00 | 2.00 |
| Minerals2) | 2.00 | 4.00 |
| Total | 1,000.00 | 1,000.00 |
1)
Vitamin premix formula: vitamin A, 16,000,000 IU; vitamin D3, 6,000,000 IU; and vitamin E, 100,000 mg. The vitamin content (vitamins A, D, and E) was no lower than 1.5 times of the National Research Council (NRC [18]) recommended content.
2)
Mineral premix formula (per kg): ferrous sulfate, 60.00 g; manganese sulfate, 50.00 g; copper sulfate, 12.50 g; sodium selenite, 0.40 g; zinc sulfate, 50.00 g; and cobalt carbonate, 0.15 g. The mineral content (Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, S, Se, Na, and Mg) was no lower than 1.2 times of the NRC [18] recommended content.