Table 3.

LDSC genetic correlations of MDD with other disorders, diseases, and human traits

Trait	rg	SE	FDR	$h_{\mathit{SNP}}^2$	PMID
Depressive symptoms, CHARGE	0.91	0.123	3.2E-12	0.04	23290196
Depressive symptoms, SSGAC	0.98	0.034	1.3E-176	0.05	27089181
ADHD (iPSYCH-PGC)	0.42	0.033	6.1E-36	0.24	submitted
Anorexia nervosa	0.13	0.028	7.1E-05	0.55	24514567
Anxiety disorders	0.80	0.140	2.0E-07	0.06	26857599
Autism spectrum disorders (iPSYCH-PGC)	0.44	0.039	8.4E-28	0.20	submitted
Bipolar disorder	0.32	0.034	3.3E-19	0.43	21926972
Schizophrenia	0.34	0.025	7.7E-40	0.46	25056061
Smoking, ever vs never	0.29	0.038	7.0E-13	0.08	20418890
Daytime sleepiness‡	0.19	0.048	5.7E-04	0.05	0
Insomnia‡	0.38	0.038	4.0E-22	0.13	0
Tiredness	0.67	0.037	6.2E-72	0.07	28194004
Subjective well-being	−0.65	0.035	7.5E-76	0.03	27089181
Neuroticism	0.70	0.031	2.5E-107	0.09	27089181
College completion	−0.17	0.034	6.7E-06	0.08	23722424
Years of education	−0.13	0.021	1.6E-08	0.13	27225129
Body fat	0.15	0.038	6.5E-04	0.11	26833246
Body mass index	0.09	0.026	3.6E-03	0.19	20935630
Obesity class 1	0.11	0.029	1.6E-03	0.22	23563607
Obesity class 2	0.12	0.033	3.0E-03	0.18	23563607
Obesity class 3	0.20	0.053	1.6E-03	0.12	23563607
Overweight	0.13	0.030	1.4E-04	0.11	23563607
Waist circumference	0.11	0.024	8.2E-05	0.12	25673412
Waist-to-hip ratio	0.12	0.030	2.9E-04	0.11	25673412
Triglycerides	0.14	0.028	1.0E-05	0.17	20686565
Age at menarche	−0.14	0.023	6.3E-08	0.20	25231870
Age of first birth	−0.29	0.029	6.1E-22	0.06	27798627
Fathers age at death	−0.28	0.058	3.0E-05	0.04	27015805
Number of children ever born	0.13	0.036	2.4E-03	0.03	27798627
Coronary artery disease	0.12	0.027	8.2E-05	0.08	26343387
Squamous cell lung cancer	0.26	0.075	3.6E-03	0.04	27488534

All genetic correlations (r_g) estimated using bivariate LDSC applied to major depression GWA results are in Supplementary Table 12. Shown above are the r_g of major depression with false discovery rate (FDR) < 0.01 (FDR estimated for 221 genetic correlations, H₀: r_g =0). Thematically related traits are indicated by shading. iPSYCH is a nationally representative cohort based on blood spots collected at birth. Within iPSYCH, r_g with ADHD was 0.58 (SE 0.050) and 0.51 (SE 0.07) with ASD – these are larger than those listed above, and inconsistent with artefactual correlations. $h_{\mathit{SNP}}^2$ is shown to aid interpretation as high r_g in the context of high $h_{\mathit{SNP}}^2$ is more noteworthy than when $h_{\mathit{SNP}}^2$ is low. PMID is PubMed article identifier.

^‡Self-reported daytime sleepiness and insomnia from UK Biobank excluding subjects with major depression, other psychiatric disorders (bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, autism, intellectual disability), shift workers, and those taking hypnotics.