Table 3.

Associations of insulin resistance with elevated liver enzymes and PNFI, adjusted for inflammation and endothelial dysfunction biomarkers and stratified by BMI

	High ALT	High AST	High GGT	High PNFI*
	Prevalence Ratio (95%CI)	Prevalence Ratio (95%CI)	Prevalence Ratio (95%CI)	Prevalence Ratio (95%CI)
Ln of HOMA-IR
Under/normal weight (N=674)
Base model†	1.57 (0.87, 2.84)	0.82 (0.28, 2.41)	1.53 (0.92, 2.56)	--
Additionally adjusted for adiponectin	1.58 (0.88, 2.84)	0.84 (0.28, 2.53)	1.51 (0.91, 2.52)	--
Additionally adjusted for ln hs-CRP	1.60 (0.88, 2.91)	0.86 (0.27, 2.75)	1.55 (0.91, 2.63)	--
Additionally adjusted for e-selectin	1.43 (0.76, 2.68)	0.84 (0.26, 2.70)	1.52 (0.89, 2.61)	--
Additionally adjusted for ln PAI-1	1.51 (0.79, 2.88)	0.85 (0.24, 2.95)	1.55 (0.91, 2.64)	--
Overweight or obese (N=643)
Base model†	2.40 (1.61, 3.58)	4.50 (2.14, 9.48)	1.75 (1.34, 2.29)	3.12 (2.39, 4.05)
Additionally adjusted for adiponectin	2.06 (1.33, 3.17)	3.92 (1.78, 8.62)	1.59 (1.19, 2.12)	3.01 (2.31, 3.92)
Additionally adjusted for ln hs-CRP	1.88 (1.24, 2.84)	3.08 (1.51, 6.29)	1.50 (1.12, 2.00)	2.83 (2.18, 3.68)
Additionally adjusted for e-selectin	1.53 (1.01, 2.33)	2.13 (1.11, 4.08)	1.42 (1.05, 1.91)	2.77 (2.13, 3.61)
Additionally adjusted for ln PAI-1	1.20 (0.74, 1.96)	2.02 (1.09, 3.77)	1.26 (0.91, 1.73)	2.62 (1.93, 3.56)

^*The model for PNFI does not include adjustment for age, waist circumference, or triglyceride levels.

^†The base model includes adjustment for age, sex, household income, parental education, Mexican background, field center, physical activity, SBP percentile, LDL-c, HDL-c, ln of triglycerides, and pubertal status