Table 2.
Frequency of Mutations Associated with Reduced Susceptibility to Protease, Reverse Transcriptase, and Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitors
| PI (n)a | NRTIs (n)b | NNRTIs (n)c | INSTIs (n)d | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ART naive | None | E44D (4) | G190A (3) | M50I/L (29) |
| T69D (5) | E138A (7) | L74I/M (5) | ||
| K70R (7) | Y181C (6) | T97A/T (7) | ||
| M184V (11) | K101E (3) | Others (1) | ||
| M41L (3) | K238T (2) | |||
| L210W (2) | K103N (4) | |||
| D67N/G (6) | A98G (5) | |||
| K219Q/E (5) | V108I (2) | |||
| T215Y/I/F (7) | Others (7) | |||
| Others (5) | ||||
| First-line failures | n.d. | E44D/E (16) | Y181V (5) | M50I/L (46) |
| T69D/N (10) | E138A (3) | L74I/M (6) | ||
| K70R (32) | K238T (6) | T97A/T (8) | ||
| M41L (47) | H221Y (18) | E157Q (2) | ||
| L210W (31) | V108I/V (40) | Others (1) | ||
| K70KR (4) | H221HY (11) | |||
| V75V/I/M (45) | V179D/T (6) | |||
| A62AV (6) | P225H/P (8) | |||
| F77FL (2) | A98G/A (26) | |||
| K70KE (3) | M230L (6) | |||
| L210LW (4) | F227L (4) | |||
| M184V/M/I (131) | L100I (7) | |||
| D67/N/G (46) | Y188L (6) | |||
| L74V/L/I (18) | Y181C/V (49) | |||
| Y115F/Y (15) | E138E/A/G (5) | |||
| K65R/K (27) | K101P/H/E (37) | |||
| T215I/F/Y/T (71) | G190A/G/Q/S (52) | |||
| K219N/K/E/Q (42) | K103N/K/S (58) | |||
| Others (19) | Others (10) | |||
| Second-line failures | M46M/K/L (4) | K65R (5) | E138A (7) | M50I/L (34) |
| I47A (5) | Y115F/Y (12) | Y181C (17) | L74I/M (9) | |
| V82A/F (19) | E44D (12) | K103N/K (28) | T97A/T (9) | |
| I84V (6) | T69D (6) | K101E (9) | ||
| L76V (5) | K70R (12) | K238T (4) | ||
| I54V (12) | M184V/M/I (57) | P225H (6) | ||
| L90M (2) | M41L/M (20) | A98G/A (14) | ||
| N88S 92) | L210W (10) | V108I/V (23) | ||
| V82S/C (2) | T215F/Y/I/T/S (62) | H221H/Y (7) | ||
| Others (1) | D67N/D (18) | M230L (3) | ||
| K219Q (9) | G190S/A/G (23) | |||
| T215I (3) | Y188L (5) | |||
| K219E (9) | H221HY (3) | |||
| Y115Y/F (11) | V179I/T/A (5) | |||
| F116Y (3) | K101E/H (16) | |||
| Q151M (4) | Others (9) | |||
| V75M/I (11) | ||||
| K70K/R/E (8) | ||||
| F77L (3) | ||||
| L210LW (3) | ||||
| L74I (7) | ||||
| Others (11) | ||||
| RAL failures | I54V/L/I (12) | M184V/M (18) | Y181C (9) | M50I/L/M (10) |
| M46M/I/L (11) | K219E/Q (6) | G190A (4) | L74I/M (8) | |
| V82F/A/V (8) | M41L/M (4) | K103N/S/K/D (13) | T97A/T (16) | |
| L76V/L (4) | E44D (4) | E138Q/EA (4) | E138K/A (3) | |
| I84V (5) | T69G/D (2) | Y188L (4) | E157Q (3) | |
| I47A/I/V (2) | K70R (4) | K101H/P/Q/E (3) | G163R (7) | |
| V82A/V (6) | T215I/V/TFS (5) | M230M/I (2) | Y143R/S (4) | |
| L90M/L (2) | A62A/V (2) | L100LI (3) | N155H (9) | |
| V32I/V (2) | L74V/I (3) | Others (14) | G140A (2) | |
| I50IV (2) | V75I/M/V (5) | Q148K/R (2) | ||
| Others (6) | Y155F/Y (2) | T66A/IV (2) | ||
| Q151M/Q (2) | Others (1) | |||
| D67N (4) | ||||
| Others (16) |
a
The number of primary resistance mutations in protease region of HIV found in the study patients.
b
Primary resistant mutations, which confer resistance to NRTIs.
c
Primary resistant mutations, which result in resistance to NNRTIs.
d
Primary resistant mutations, which confer resistance to INSTIs. n.d., drug-resistant mutations not determined. Others, drug-resistant mutations with one frequency in each patient group.
PI, protease inhibitor; NRTI, nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor; NNRTI, nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor.