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. 2018 Apr 12;41(4):264–270. doi: 10.14348/molcells.2018.0076

Fig. 2. Energy stress induced AMPK signaling to promote NAD+-dependent SIRT1 activity.

Fig. 2

Upon energy stress-stimuli, the AMPK signaling pathway is upregulated, resulting in the increase of intracellular NAD+ level. At the same time, histone deacetylase SIRT1 and/or transcription factors such as PGC-1α are phosphorylated in AMPK-dependent manner. The enzymes involved in the pathways are in bold. P in green dots denotes for phosphorylation-mediated regulation. De-Ac in blue circles indicates deacetylation-mediated regulation. AMPK; AMP-activated kinase, NAMPT; nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase, SIRT1; sirtuin 1, PGC-1α; peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha, AICAR; 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-β-D-ribofuranoside.