Table 1.
Category | India | Pakistan | Kenya | Malawi | Total | |
Number of women | 2099 | 3287 | 3145 | 2923 | 11 454 | |
Psychological morbidity (%) | ||||||
EPDS≥10 | 19.3 | 41.6 | 12.3 | 15.6 | 22.9 | |
Thoughts of self-harm | 15.6 | 29.8 | 4.5 | 10.1 | 15.2 | |
EPDS≥10 and/or thoughts of self-harm | 19.8 | 47.3 | 13.5 | 16.4 | 25.1 | |
Social morbidity (%) | ||||||
Domestic violence | ||||||
Any domestic violence HITS score>4 |
Husband and/or family | 39.7 | 56.0 | 21.7 | 18.2 | 33.9 |
Husband | 38.6 | 37.4 | 18.3 | 13.6 | 26.3 | |
Family | 10.1 | 31.8 | 6.0 | 12.5 | 15.8 | |
Significant domestic violence HITS score>10 |
Husband and/or family | 6.1 | 21.7 | 3.2 | 4.7 | 8.9 |
Husband | 5.1 | 12.5 | 2.4 | 3.0 | 6.0 | |
Family | 2.7 | 7.5 | 0.5 | 2.6 | 3.4 | |
Substance misuse | ||||||
Use of alcohol, sedatives, inhalants, tobacco in last 3 months | 2.7 | 0.2 | 2.0 | 1.7 | 6.5 | |
Intervention required (ASSIST score>4) | 0.8 | 1.5 | 1.4 | 2.8 | 1.7 | |
Domestic violence and/or substance misuse | 40.3 | 60.2 | 25.0 | 19.8 | 36.6 |
ASSIST, Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test; EPDS, Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale; HITS, Hurt, Insulted, Threatened, Screamed at.