Extended Data Table 4.
Comparison State-of-the art Photonic EO – Modulator
| Reference | 18 | 46 | 47 | 50 | 51 | 48 | this work |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Modulation Mech. | FCD Si | FCD Si | χ(2)BTO | χ(2)LiNbO3 | Pauli Blocking Graphene | FKE Si Ge | χ(2)OEO |
| IL [dB] | ∼0.5 | ∼0.5 | >12 | 1 | N.A. | 4.4 | ∼2.5 |
| ER [dB] | 12 | 10 | N.A. | ~7* | 30 | 4.2 | 10 |
| Lactive [μm] | 15 | 30 | 37 | ∼600* | ∼250 | 40 | 6 |
| Bandwidth [GHz] | ∼17 | 13 | 30* | 30 | 30 | >50 | >110 |
| Data Rate [Gbit/s] | 44 | 12 | N.A. | 40 | 22 | 50 | 72 |
| Driving Voltage [Vpeak] | 0.5 | 2.46 | 16 | 2.88 | 3.75 | 1 | 3.3 |
| Energy Consumption [fJ/Bit] | <1 | N.A. | N.A. | 240 | 800 | 13.8 | 12 |
| Q | 6000 | 15000 | N.A. | 8000 | <1200 | N.A | 50 |
|
Temp. Stability [Δλres K−1 FWHM−1] |
100% | N.A. | N.A. | N.A. | N.A. | N.A. | 0.4% |
|
Sensitivity [Δλres V−1 FWHM−1] |
100% | 11% | N.A. | N.A. | N.A. | N.A. | 5% |