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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 May 4.
Published in final edited form as: Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. 2017;413:323–345. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-75241-9_13

Figure 13.1. Map of the gonococcal genetic island (GGI).

Figure 13.1

The 22 genes essential to DNA secretion (blue) are encoded on four operons. Note that the transcript containing ydbA is continuous with the transcript containing cspA. dif sites are shown in red. Transcripts were detected using reverse transcriptase PCR (Pachulec et al. 2014, Jain et al. 2012, light purple) and RNA-seq (Remmele et al. 2014, dark purple). A number of sRNAs have also been identified in this region (Remmele et al. 2014, orange). Expression from these operons is variable, as represented by the thickness of the promoters. The three traG alleles are shown in parallel to one another. The GGI in strain MS11 was originally thought to be 57 kb in length, but re-sequencing identified a repeat at yecB and an additional ORF making the complete GGI 59 kb (accession #CP003909.1).