Table 3.
Estimates for GSEM Model Predicting Religiosity and Religious Change (N = 528).
| Model Effects | Unstandardized Estimates | Standard Errors | p |
|---|---|---|---|
| Measurement model | |||
| Cognitive religiosity → Intensity | 1.00 | --- | --- |
| Cognitive religiosity → Importance | 0.97 | .01 | .000 |
| Cognitive religiosity → Spirituality | 1.14 | .02 | .000 |
| Cognitive religiosity → Private prayer | 1.03 | .02 | .000 |
| Cognitive religiosity → → Belief in God | 1.25 | .02 | .000 |
| Behavioral religiosity → → Service attendance | 1.00 | --- | --- |
| Behavioral religiosity → Congregational activities | 0.80 | .01 | .000 |
| Behavioral religiosity → Religious volunteering | 0.83 | .02 | .000 |
| Error variance: Intensity | 0.35 | .03 | .000 |
| Error variance: Importance | 0.32 | .02 | .000 |
| Error variance: Spirituality | 0.58 | .04 | .000 |
| Error variance Private prayer | 0.52 | .04 | .000 |
| Error variance: Belief in God | 0.38 | .03 | .000 |
| Error variance: Service attendance | 0.55 | .07 | .000 |
| Error variance: Congregational activities | 0.66 | .06 | .000 |
| Error variance: Religious volunteering | 2.26 | .15 | .000 |
| Structural model | |||
| Childhood attendance → Cognitive religiosity | 0.58 | .01 | .000 |
| Childhood attendance → Behavioral religiosity | 0.66 | .02 | .000 |
| Childhood attendance → Religious increase | −0.07 | .08 | .367 |
| Cognitive religiosity → Religious increase | 0.95 | .28 | .000 |
| Behavioral religiosity → Religious increase | 0.44 | .11 | .001 |
| Age → Religious increase | 0.03 | .04 | .454 |
| Female → Religious increase | 0.02 | .26 | .941 |
| Education → Religious increase | −0.65 | .31 | .035 |
| Poorer health → Religious increase | −0.27 | .32 | .396 |
| Retired → Religious increase | 0.41 | .26 | .112 |
| Lost partner → Religious increase | 0.66 | .37 | .073 |
| Economic decline → → Religious increase | 0.73 | .27 | .006 |
| Childhood attendance → Religious decline | 0.31 | .10 | .002 |
| Cognitive religiosity → Religious decline | −0.58 | .29 | .041 |
| Behavioral religiosity → Religious decline | −0.32 | .18 | .082 |
| Age → Religious decline | −0.04 | .05 | .422 |
| Female → Religious decline | −0.37 | .29 | .197 |
| Education → Religious decline | −0.19 | .40 | .631 |
| Poorer health → Religious decline | −0.89 | .44 | .043 |
| Retired → Religious decline | −0.19 | .30 | .512 |
| Lost partner → Religious decline | 0.03 | .44 | .950 |
| Economic decline → Religious decline | 0.40 | .32 | .210 |
| Residual variance: Cognitive religiosity | 1.40 | .09 | .000 |
| Residual variance: Behavioral religiosity | 3.48 | .24 | .000 |
| Residual covariance: Cognitive with Behavioral | 1.69 | .13 | .000 |
Note: LL= − 6587.4, DF=41, AIC=13256.83, BIC=13432.86