Table 1.
Baseline characteristics
| Reference (n=4916) | UV group (n=5178) | Bleach group (n=5438) | Bleach and UV group (n=5863) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics* | ||||
|
| ||||
| Mean age (SD) | 57·9 (20·9) | 58·5 (21·3) | 58·6 (20·7) | 57·7 (21·8) |
| Race | ||||
| White | 3042 (63%) | 3228 (65%) | 3416 (64%) | 3747 (64%) |
| African American | 1418 (30%) | 1411 (28%) | 1591 (30%) | 1655 (28%) |
| Other | 243 (5%) | 233 (5%) | 249 (5%) | 329 (6%) |
| Unknown | 102 (2%) | 97 (2%) | 95 (2%) | 111 (2%) |
| Male sex | 2475 (51%) | 2518 (51%) | 2768 (52%) | 3017 (52%) |
|
| ||||
| Comorbidities* | ||||
|
| ||||
| Median Charlson index (IQR) | 2 (1–4) | 2 (0–4) | 2 (1–4) | 2 (0–4) |
| Myocardial infarction | 499 (11%) | 457 (10%) | 475 (9%) | 583 (10%) |
| Congestive heart failure | 937 (20%) | 950 (20%) | 1014 (20%) | 1151 (21%) |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 571 (12%) | 540 (11%) | 582 (11%) | 610 (11%) |
| Hemiplegia or paraplegia | 97 (2%) | 118 (2%) | 139 (3%) | 166 (3%) |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 450 (10%) | 498 (10%) | 524 (10%) | 543 (10%) |
| Dementia | 75 (2%) | 101 (2%) | 138 (3%) | 111 (2%) |
| COPD | 1248 (27%) | 1325 (28%) | 1339 (26%) | 1516 (27%) |
| Rheumatic disease | 161 (3%) | 181 (4%) | 183 (4%) | 224 (4%) |
| Peptic ulcer disease | 143 (3%) | 97 (2%) | 126 (2%) | 178 (3%) |
| Liver disease | ||||
| Mild | 475 (10%) | 452 (9%) | 484 (9%) | 557 (10%) |
| Moderate or severe | 120 (3%) | 142 (3%) | 135 (3%) | 177 (3%) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 1302 (28%) | 1248 (26%) | 1371 (27%) | 1505 (27%) |
| Complicated | 303 (7%) | 273 (6%) | 350 (7%) | 350 (6%) |
| Renal disease | 980 (21%) | 986 (21%) | 1083 (21%) | 1171 (21%) |
| Malignancy | 842 (18%) | 807 (17%) | 864 (17%) | 961 (17%) |
| Metastatic solid tumour | 305 (7%) | 340 (7%) | 330 (6%) | 367 (7%) |
| AIDS/HIV | 49 (1%) | 48 (1%) | 52 (1%) | 55 (1%) |
| Arrhythmia | 1542 (33%) | 1425 (30%) | 1513 (30%) | 1824 (33%) |
| Valvular heart disease | 420 (9%) | 415 (9%) | 412 (8%) | 566 (10%) |
| Pulmonary circulation disease | 386 (8%) | 452 (9%) | 439 (9%) | 495 (9%) |
| Hypertension | 2264 (49%) | 2237 (47%) | 2336 (46%) | 2709 (48%) |
| Complicated | 826 (18%) | 839 (18%) | 959 (19%) | 1007 (18%) |
| Other neurological disease | 682 (15%) | 665 (14%) | 671 (13%) | 792 (14%) |
| Hypothyroid disease | 523 (11%) | 545 (11%) | 599 (12%) | 637 (11%) |
Data are n (%) unless stated otherwise.
*
The majority of patient-specific data were not available from one study hospital because of changes in electronic health record systems as follows: age (406 had data missing), race (428 missing), sex (407 missing), comorbidity data (1267 missing).
COPD=chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.