Table 2.
Bivariable and Multivariable Analyses of the Relationship Between Frequency of Marijuana use and Alcohol Use, Current Heroin/Cocaine Use and Depressive Symptoms on HIV Treatment Outcomes
| Variable | Outcomes | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Use of Antiretroviral Therapy (N=1377, 3197 interviews) | Adherent to Antiretroviral Therapy (N=1312, 2986 interviews) | Undetectable Viral Load on Antiretroviral Therapy (N=1313, 2991 interviews)*** | ||||
| Bivariate Odds Ratio [95% CI] | Multivariable** Odds Ratio [95% CI] | Bivariate Odds Ratio [95% CI] | Multivariable** Odds Ratio [95% CI] | Bivariate Odds Ratio [95% CI] | Multivariate** Odds Ratio [95% CI] | |
| Marijuana use | ||||||
| Never | 1.0 (ref) | 1.0 (ref) | 1.0 (ref) | 1.0 (ref) | 1.0 (ref) | 1.0 (ref) |
| Not in the last 3 months | 0.99 [0.73–1.37] | 1.16 [0.82–1.65] | 0.77 [0.56–1.06] | 1.14 [0.80–1.63] | 1.29 [0.99–1.68] | 1.45 [1.07–1.96]* |
| Monthly or less | 0.89 [0.55–1.43] | 1.54 [0.94–2.54] | 0.44 [0.29–0.67]* | 0.90 [0.56–1.43] | 0.76 [0.53–1.09] | 0.95 [0.64–1.42] |
| Weekly/daily | 1.12 [0.66–1.93] | 1.73 [0.97–3.09] | 0.76 [0.46–1.25] | 1.31 [0.77–2.26] | 0.92 [0.61–1.39] | 1.19 [0.76–1.86] |
| Alcohol Use | ||||||
| Never | 1.0 (ref) | 1.0 (ref) | 1.0 (ref) | 1.0 (ref) | 1.0 (ref) | 1.0 (ref) |
| Monthly or less | 0.61 [0.43–0.87]* | 0.67 [0.47–0.96]* | 0.73 [0.50–1.05] | 0.88 [0.60–1.30] | 0.86 [0.64–1.15] | 0.95 [0.70–1.30] |
| 2–4 times per month | 0.46 [0.30–0.71]* | 0.48 [0.31–0.76]* | 0.59 [0.37–0.94]* | 0.69 [0.42–1.13] | 0.74 [0.51–1.10] | 0.820 [0.54–1.25] |
| 2+ times per week | 0.54 [0.35–0.83]* | 0.61 [0.39–0.97]* | 0.37 [0.25–0.55]* | 0.52 [0.34–0.79]* | 0.65 [0.45–0.93]* | 0.73 [0.50–1.07] |
| Heroin/Cocaine Use | ||||||
| Never | 1.0 (ref) | 1.0 (ref) | 1.0 (ref) | 1.0 (ref) | 1.0 (ref) | 1.0 (ref) |
| Past user | 1.10 [0.79–1.52] | 0.87 [0.60–1.26] | 0.60 [0.43–0.83]* | 0.58 [0.40–0.83]* | 0.94 [0.73–1.21] | 0.76 [0.56–1.02] |
| Current user | 0.41 [0.27–0.61]* | 0.35 [0.23–0.55]* | 0.22 [0.15–0.34]* | 0.30 [0.19–0.47]* | 0.75 [0.51–1.11] | 0.76 [0.50–1.18] |
| Depressive Symptoms | 0.95 [0.93–0.98]* | 0.97 [[0.94–1.01] | 0.92 [0.89–0.94]* | 0.93 [0.90–0.96]* | 0.96 [0.93–0.98]* | 0.96 [0.93–0.99]* |
*
p <0.05
**
models adjusted for age, race, sex, time enrolled in care, alcohol use, heroin/cocaine use and depressive symptoms
***
5 interviews without report of adherence and HIV-RNA was available (resulting in 5 additional interviews and one additional individual)